Two studies of about 12,000 applicants to United Kingdom schools show that ethnic origin of surnames is reliably assessable by independent judges, and that surnames are valid indicators of ethnic origin as determined by self-classification, showing very high specificity (97 percent) and slightly lesser sensitivity (84 percent). (Author/MLW)

Describes study that was conducted to determine whether Logo instruction could improve the attitudes of fifth grade students toward microcomputers and toward school in general. Differences in gender and ability groupings are explored, treatment of experimental and control groups is described, and the Computer/School Questionnaire developed for the…

Examines what prospective elementary and secondary mathematics teachers understand about mathematics when they enter formal teacher education. Results reveal that the mathematics understanding of elementary and secondary teacher candidates tends to be rule-bound and inadequate. (BB)

A letter and questionnaire were sent to advanced student activities professionals, followed by telephone interviews. Some questions included: how has the profession evolved, are there fewer opportunities for advanced professionals today, etc. (MLW)

Questionnaire explores the sexual harassment of women professors by students to gain insight into how widespread the problem is, and to understand better how both gender and status define an individual's vulnerability to sexual harassment. Survey data show a range of incidents, from sexist comments to sexual assault. (Author/JS)

Presents results of a survey that was conducted to examine the use of computers in the instructional process of Australian distance education. Highlights include computer-managed learning; computer-marked tests; computer-aided learning; expert systems; and relationships between the type of computer usage, the instructors' expectations, and…

Discussion of gender differences in computer usage focuses on a study that was conducted to investigate sex differences in attitudes of students in grades three and six toward computers. Research on computer gender differences among elementary and secondary school students and college students is reviewed, and additional research needs are…

Describes study of college students that examined relationships between their attitudes toward computers and amount of computer use. Microcomputer and mainframe computer usage are examined, gender differences are discussed, the need to use computers in classes is considered, and perceived educational benefits and social impact of computers are…

Describes a survey of the teaching faculty at the Citadel that examined how the English faculty compared to other faculty in their perceptions and use of library instruction. It is concluded that the findings may be used to support an integrated, across-the-curriculum approach to library instruction. The questionnaire used is appended. (12…

Describes study that was designed to determine the feasibility of using computer simulations as realistic training for undergraduate education students learning behavior management techniques in educational psychology courses. Treatments for the control and experimental groups are described, including extended instruction and group problem…

Investigates the relationship between family economic hardship and adolescent distress among 622 students in grades 9-12. Hardship effects varied according to type of distress. Hardship had direct and indirect effects on the depression-loneliness factor and an indirect effect on the delinquency-drug use factor. (RJC)

Describes a survey of accredited schools of library and information science in the United States and Canada that examined the database searching education that students are currently receiving and changes in this area over the past five years. Topics examined include courses; search time; amount of exposure; coursework; products, hardware and…

Describes issues which are common to all research methodologies and some that were unique to the assessment techniques used in the Child Development Project (CDP) in San Ramon, California. Looks at the limited amount of time given assessments and the "fluid" nature of measurements. Notes that CDP issues involved observations,…

Discussion of mood management strategies focuses on a study of pregnant and non-pregnant women and new mothers, that was designed to examine television program preferences as a function of the physiologically induced affective stages of pregnancy. Television viewing habits are examined and affective dispositions are ascertained. (29 references)…

Summarizes the results of an informal survey of fourth grade students that examined the criteria by which they select books for relaxed reading and report information, and how they use library catalog information. A need for flexibility in cataloging systems to meet children's information retrieval needs is indicated. (10 references) (CLB)