The Horizon Report series is the product of the New Media Consortium's Horizon Project, an ongoing research project that seeks to identify and describe emerging technologies likely to have a large impact on teaching, learning, research, or creative expression within education around the globe. This volume, the "Horizon Report: 2009 K-12…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose that the measurement of salivary amylase activity is an effective index to evaluate the stress of a ship navigator for safe navigation training and education. Design/methodology/approach: Evaluation comes from the simulator and actual on-board experiments. The subjects are real captains who have…

The context of Information Communication Technology (ICT) is changing dramatically. Today, Web 2.0 applications such as Facebook and MySpace are used ubiquitously in the general population, and Virtual Worlds are becoming increasingly popular in business, for example via simulations in Second Life. However the capacity of Virtual Worlds is…

In this paper, we present the comprehensive version of CSIEC (Computer Simulation in Educational Communication), an interactive web-based human-computer dialogue system with natural language for English instruction, and its tentative application and evaluation in English education. First, we briefly introduce the motivation for this project,…

Multimedia educational software is often a glitzy version of old technology. Some educational software has become better as developers began to ask, "In what ways can the computer facilitate learning, that were not possible before?" One answer to this question is: provide a simulated environment for the learner to interact with. For multimedia to…

This supplementary volume presents appendixes A-E associated with a 1-year study which determined what secondary school students were doing as they engaged in the Chelsea Bank computer software simulation activities. Appendixes present the SCANS Analysis Coding Sheet; coding problem analysis of 50 video segments; student and teacher interview…

This digest discusses types of computer applications used in science assessment; underlying assumptions that guide their roles in assessment; and issues which relate to validity, gender equity, instructional delivery, mode of user interface, and responsibility to the public. Assessment applications for computers can be broadly classified into two…

An item response theory-based parametric procedure proposed by N. S. Raju, W. J. van der Linden, and P. F. Fleer (1995) known as differential functioning of items and tests (DFIT) can be used with unidimensional and multidimensional data with dichotomous or polytomous scoring. This study describes the polytomous DFIT framework and evaluates and…

Relating natural language to mathematical language is an important component of elementary mathematics education. This paper describes new steps toward a computerized database of addition and subtraction word problems that could provide teachers and students with access to critical natural language terms and expressions for mathematical…

Four papers from a project concerning information-processing characterizations of the knowledge and processes involved in design are presented. The project collected and analyzed verbal protocols from instructional designers, architects, and mechanical engineers. A framework was developed for characterizing the problem spaces of design that…

Correlation coefficients are frequently reported in educational and psychological research. The robustness properties and optimality among practical approximations when phi does not equal 0 with moderate sample sizes are not well documented. Three major approximations and their variations are examined: (1) a normal approximation of Fisher's Z,…

The influence of sample size (N) and model parsimony on a set of 22 goodness of fit indices was investigated, including those typically used in confirmatory factor analysis and some recently developed indices. For sample data simulated from 2 known population data structures, values for 6 of 22 fit indices were reasonably independent of N and were…

The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) procedure has become one of the most popular procedures for detecting differential item functioning (DIF). One of the most troublesome criticisms of this procedure is that while detection rates for uniform DIF are very good, the procedure is not sensitive to non-uniform DIF. In this study, examinee responses were generated…

The assessment of dimensionality of data is important to item response theory (IRT) modelling and other multidimensional data analysis techniques. The fact that the parameters from the factor analysis formulation for dichotomous data can be expressed in terms of the parameters in the multidimensional IRT model suggests that the assessment of the…

An investigation of the effects of randomly missing data in two-predictor regression analyses is described. The differences in the effectiveness of five common treatments of missing data on estimates of R-squared values and each of the two standardized regression weights is also investigated. Bootstrap sample sizes of 50, 100, and 200 were drawn…