A summary is provided of the rationale for questioning the applicability of classical reliability measures to criterion referenced tests; an extension of the classical theory of true and error scores to incorporate a theory of dichotomous decisions; a presentation of the mean split-half coefficient of agreement, a single-administration test index…

Many economists have tried to explain existing wage differentials between men and women. A new approach compares the relative importance of occupational discrimination with that of wage discrimination. This model allows for variation both in occupational distribution and in wages resulting from differences in job qualifications and productivity…

Three examples are given in which students create their own Logo software to explore the topics of number patterns and operations, fractions, and decimal parts in measurement. (MNS)

Discusses the use of a computer program designed to solve the mathematical model associated with soil nutrient uptake by plant roots and to predict the nutrient uptake. Describes a user-friendly personal computer version of this program. (TW)

Investigates the effect of state and federal grants on South Carolina local revenues for 1978 and 1982. Although local revenues are stimulated by federal aid, some of the latter is used for tax relief. (MLF)

This study tested the multifaceted, hierarchical structure of self- concept (SC) against alternative models and determined whether academic SC can be discriminated from academic grades. Results supported the multidimensional interpretation of SC and demonstrated that general SC could be interpreted as distinct from but correlated with academic SC.…

Sex differences in performance on the Australian Scholastic Aptitude Test (ASAT) were investigated. No significant direct effect of sex on performance was found. Sex differences were found to be the result of females having a higher verbal ability, males studying more mathematics, and males having greater confidence in ASAT success. (LMO)

In studies involving matrix sampling on items, it is often the case that there are too few responses per individual to use latent trait item response models. A model is formulated wherein individual level variability appears as independent error within the cells of a cross classification of demographic variables. (JKS)

Recent work in factor analysis of categorical variables is reviewed, emphasizing a generalized least squares solution and a maximum likelihood approach. A common factor model for dichotomous items is introduced, and the estimation of factor loadings from matrices of tetracorrelations is discussed. (LMO)

Reports on Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (Australia) efforts to establish library staffing standards by use of statistics on current library operations and comparison of figures for number of libraries. Research methodology, use of mathematical models, factor analysis and regression analysis, and measures of…

In this paper, we address mathematics education in rural contexts from a critical pedagogical perspective. We imagine our audience to be mathematics educators and rural educators who may not have background knowledge of critical pedagogy. We also confess that we are mathematics educators first, with interests in critical pedagogy and rural…

Making connections becomes increasingly important as students proceed through middle school and high school. This book shows ways of embedding connective processes in instruction in grades 9-12. Problems invite mathematical modeling, unify diverse content, call for different representations, and encourage students to look back at their work to…

Uses data from national and California surveys of high school students to test a model of optimal school size that includes school costs and inputs, student achievement, and family characteristics. Finds that the data support the model and imply sizeable urban-rural differences in schooling costs. (Author/RW)

Outlines a model to aid in the empirical estimation and interpretation of the patterns of variation in school personnel salaries across school districts and shows how this analysis could be used to develop indexes of personnel costs. (Author/JM)

The relationship of teachers' allocation of time to individual student achievement was studied. It was concluded that teachers prefer to increase students' average achievement rather than to decrease the variance in achievement within the classroom. (MH)