Reports on two studies examining the effects of object size, container size, sex, and language group on the use of counts in prescriptive and descriptive grammar. Results indicate that people's selection of noun forms in a measure partitive noun phrase is influenced by nonlinguistic factors, such as their gender and the food size relative to…

This article compares cognitive processing between natural and artificial language (AL) use and utilizes psycholinguistics for building a cognitive model of the AL user. Discussion covers observations concerning common ground, optimal design, collaborative processes, generalization, and incremental parallel production. Inquiries like this may lead…

Reports on findings from an on-going study of the use of computer-mediated communication to support post-graduate, second language teacher education. Findings are reported according to organizing categories of social interaction, language use, and how different tasks influenced communicative exchanges. (Author/VWL)

Examined Venezuelan children's developing abilities to use evaluative language in fictional and personal narratives. Looks at whether the use of evaluative language varies in fictional and personal narratives, there is a relationship between the use of evaluative language in these two narrative genres, and and the role children's age and…

Presents an example illustrating how teachers can create reading and writing activities that emphasize how words work through grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and usage. Describes a workshop that highlights a single punctuation mark: the semicolon. Notes that the semicolon defies rigid rules for use and is therefore ideally suited for instruction…

Examines diaries kept by 8 adults (born between 1856 and 1876) over a 70-year period of their lives. Analyzes the complexity of the narrative structure and the cohesion of the text. Finds that the diarists' narratives became structurally more complex across the life span, although they became less cohesive as ambiguous anaphors increased. (KEH)

Examines the Kingman Report (Report of the Committee of Inquiry into the Teaching of English Language, HMSO, 1988). Argues that because the committee failed to address the question of "what is English for," its findings and recommendations lack credibility. (MM)

Analysis of the discourse of eight- and nine-year-old children with emotional disturbances as compared with that of non-emotionally disturbed peers found significant differences between the groups. The analysis focused on mean length of utterances and discourse error patterns. (MSE)

Traces the different historical senses of the term literacy to see why it was chosen for generalization. Examines the semantic aspects of the term as currently used in three cases--scientific literacy, visual literacy, and cultural literacy. Discusses evaluative and analytic conceptions of literacy. (KEH)

Explored young children's concepts of the functions of writing in community contexts. Twenty kindergarten children responded to three videotaped vignettes depicting people writing in community settings. The children were able to identify a range of writing functions. They also valued writing and described the negative consequences likely to occur…

Examines "nukespeak," the use of metaphor, euphemism, technical jargon, and acronyms to portray nuclear concepts in a neutral or positive way. Identifies two nukespeak strategies: domestication and bureaucratization. Uses two cases of nukespeak strategy by Ronald Reagan to illustrate the implications of nukespeak for the audience. (MM)

Argues against the belief that a spoken or written text refers to a universal reality independent of language. Emphasizes that (1) students need to learn that facts do not speak for themselves but reflect the beliefs of the speaker/writer; and (2) interpretation is never impartial. (MM)

Examines instructional interaction in kindergarten, third, and fifth grade classrooms chosen for their academic success with Hispanic students. Looks at instructional discourse and language use. Confirms previous findings about the possibility of successful bilingual instruction. (DE)

Examines the Kingman Report (Report of the Committee of Inquiry into the Teaching of English Language, HMSO, 1988). Finds that an analysis of the report shows it to abound in confusions and omissions. (MM)

Responses to a questionnaire regarding gender bias in language revealed that members of a local chapter of National Organization for Women and graduate students in psychology were more likely to adopt a new gender-neutral pronoun than were graduate students in English and medicine, and faculty. (Author/BJV)