This research study compared the effects of three instructional methods--collaborative synchronous online communication, asynchronous online communication, and independent study as traditional in grammar translation method--in English reading comprehension. A quasi-experimental research design included pre and post reading comprehension tests for…

This publication consists of a collection of 18 papers in English, German, Swedish, and Finnish originally presented at a 1988 symposium of the Finnish Association of Applied Linguistics (AFinLA), which was organized jointly by the University of Vaasa and the Department of Teacher Education at Abo Akademi, Finland. Papers focus on the following…

Oriya, a language spoken by approximately 14 million Indians who live along the coast of the Bay of Bengal, is the subject of this introductory language text. The basic, grammatical framework of Oriya is developed in this volume. Presentation of the orthographic system is achieved through the Romanization of the Oriya alphabet. Short dialogues…

The role of cohesion and script in note-taking for consecutive interpretation is discussed. Because note-taking is closely associated with comprehension and memory, the discussion looks first at the function of previously stored knowledge, both linguistically and culturally, which is known as script, and grammatical and lexical cohesion in…

The eight narratives and tales collected here were told by elders of Chevak, an Alaskan village, and tape-recorded there in 1977 and 1978. An introductory section describes the village, dialect usage, and some background on the stories and story genres. The stories are divided into two parts according to an important native distinction between…

This bibliography lists poetry, fiction, and drama written by Arab, Iranian, and Turkish women of the twentieth century, some originally written in English and the others in English translation. The first section of the bibliography lists the 67 sources (collections and journals) that were consulted. The second part of the bibliography lists 888…

This digest provides a detailed description of the Program in Interpreting and Translating at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland. Specific sections address the following: (1) the degree emphasis; (2) formal training and professional relevance; (3) departmental provision for interpreting and translating; (4) the expertise and experience…

The validity of results from international assessments depends on the correctness of the test translations. If the tests presented in one language are more or less difficult because of the manner in which they are translated, the validity of any interpretation of the results can be questioned. Many test translation methods exist in the literature,…

All beginners at simultaneous interpreting falter at the flow of oral language, unaware that their short-term semantic flow of oral language, unaware that his short-term semantic memory can be managed more efficiently if used to store units of meaning rather than discrete words. Beginners must learn to listen for sense from the start and focus…

Translators and interpreters are not currently trained as professionals, but taught a "do-as-I-do" system inherited from the medieval guilds. Most are self-made, having acquired technique and applied it to languages already known. However, there is now enough known about mediated interlingual communication to teach translators and interpreters how…

This article outlines guidelines for designing a school for translators and interpreters, the main points being selection of languages to be taught, curriculum planning, selection of qualified teachers and size of the student body. (CLK)

This article discusses: (1) the training facilities for translators and interpreters in Belgium, France, Holland, England, and Canada; and (2) various opinions concerning methodology for teaching translation, present and future demands for translation, and criteria for assessing the quality of a translation. (CLK)

This article discusses the gender system in the French language, specifically as a function of sex discrimination in employment advertising. (Text is in French.) (CLK)

This is review number 3 for lessons 11-15 in a running series of lessons for speakers of English learning Spanish. The drills deal with relative pronouns, the distinction between the two Spanish verbs "to be,""ser" and "estar," the future tense and the passive voice. (TL)

This article contradicts previous statements by Jack Stein that German literature courses in translation should not be offered by the German department. This paper argues that such courses will not compete with original-language courses, but will provide opportunities to more students to read great works of literature. (CHK)