This study investigated the use of beat gestures (typically the sharp up-and-down movement of the hand) in conjunction with L2 speech production. The L2 participant, although in conversation with another person, synchronized his beats with the parsing of his words into syllables. Based on Gal' perin's formulation for the process of…

A discussion of English-speaking children's use of subjectless sentences contrasts the competence and performance explanations for the phenomenon. In particular, it reviews evidence indicating that the phenomenon does not reflect linguistic competence, but rather performance constraints. A tentative model of children's production is presented…

This paper examines the patterns of sound and silence in several poems to show that teaching poetry is helping students to discover how poetry works instead of discussing what individual poems "mean." When teachers urge students to examine the forms and structures within a poem, they enable students to participate with that poem, combining…

Students can learn to write verse by (1) perceiving that poetic materials are inside and all around them and making lists of items that appeal to their senses, (2) organizing their material through the use of imagery, (3) experimenting with various meters, particularly the ballad stanza, until they can arrange words in rhythmic patterns (4)…

"Macbeth" is best understood by considering five specific elements: (1) the tragic view--a recognition of man's dignity as well as his vulnerability to evil; (2) the tragic plot--the reversals in the plans of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, the scene of recognition of impending disaster, and Macbeth's continual suffering; (3) the tragic…

Two studies were carried out demonstrating the interaction of intonation grouping and meaning relations between words in free recall. When the intonation grouping is in phase with the word relations, recall is facilitated. When it is out of phase, recall is lowered. (Author/RM)

Uses examples of poetry by Australians to show how response to a poem depends on being a good listener; detecting with accuracy the tone of voice that governs the poem. (RL)

Developmental aspects of several temporal parameters in the speech of 2- to 4-year-old English-speaking children were investigated; adults served as a control group. Children seemed to possess timing control systems which are more sophisticated than has previously been suggested. (Author/SW)

This paper suggests guidelines for poetry study. Studying unfamiliar vocabulary, allusions and surface and underlying meaning are the general steps, followed by specific questioning regarding poem genre, rhyme, meter, imagery and content, for an overall evaluation. (CHK)

A second language instruction technique involves having the class take apart and reconstitute a brief French poem in order to examine the constraints of versified poetry, enhancing its interpretation and appreciation. (MSE)

Offers a sampling of results achieved by Relational Grammar in exposing "hidden rules" behind various facts of Italian, major conspicuous facts as well as tiny arcane ones. (CB)

Describes several experiments which examined the basic claims of metrical phonology. The first two experiments examined the possible influences of stress clash in speech timing. The third and fourth experiments tested Hayes's (1984) analysis rule of quadrisyllabic meter; the fifth experiment included a basic test of the stress clash notion. (SED)

Metrical phonology, a linguistic process of phonological stress assessment and diagrammatic simplification of sentence and word stress, is discussed as it is found in the English language with the intention that it may be used in second language instruction. Stress is defined by its physical and acoustical correlates, and the principles of…

Presented at "Translation 73," a conference on the present state of literary translation, Columbia University, March 30, 1973. (DD)