Recent information from established testing programs was used to investigate the nature and limitations of essay and multiple-choice tests of writing ability, the statistical relationship of these types of tests, the performance of population subgroups on each, the possible need of different disciplines for different tests of composition skill,…

Until 1982, achievement in A-level biology in Kenya was measured by an examination which consisted of four papers, three measuring theory work and one measuring practical skills. In 1982, a three paper examination was developed, the first two papers measuring theory and the third paper measuring practical skills. Based on the change in the test…

The correlation between risk taking behavior and test results on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) was examined in a group of 47 fourth and fifth grade students identified for a gifted and talented program. The risk-taking check list (DEEP) was developed by the Downington, Pennsylvania Area School District, and includes four…

This study explores the validity of a construct of cognitive spirituality as measured by a recent measure, the "Spirituality Index of Well-Being," in a sample of Catholic high school students. Spirituality on this scale is conceptualized as a composite of life scheme (having meaning in one's life) and generalized self-efficacy. Construct-based…

A stepwise regression technique was used to analyze assessment data while taking differences in nonschool variables across districts into account. The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the inclusion of quadratic and/or interaction terms in a regression model would improve the prediction of school district average…

A study among white college undergraduates investigated the kinds of activities that promote interracial contact, and the extent to which interracial contact in high school determines interracial contact in college. Results indicated that school sponsored activities both in high school and at the university level encourage contact between students…

Failure to establish a strong relationship between attitudes and buying behavior may indicate that the personality-consumer behavior link is mediated by some social mechanism, such as differential propensities toward advice-seeking. Undergraduates (N=75) completed two measures of attitudes, a questionnaire consisting of 10 consumer decisions and…

Most research examining the relationship between sex role orientation and psychological well-being has been guided by either the congruence, androgyny, or masculinity model. The congruence model predicts that low self-esteem and high depression are consequences of gender/sex role incongruence. The androgyny model predicts that high self-esteem and…

To provide a reliable correlation of how the "basics" are strengthened by implementing career education units, concepts, and/or skills into existing curricula, the Career Education Project of the Kentucky Valley Educational Cooperative studied the achievement of career education and non-career education students in reading, mathematics,…

In Summer Learning and the Effects of Schooling, Barabara Heyns found that schooling has a marked impact on achievement. This conclusion is based on analyses that show school-year achievement gains are greater than summer gains, summer being considered a temporary absence of schooling. Heyns' data came from a household survey and…

Since New York City represents the largest single school district in the state, large changes in its pupil count can significantly affect not only the state aid it receives but also have profound effects on the amount of money the state distributes in aid. This research study was designed to measure the probable impact of the removal of…

A survey was conducted to examine developmental changes in children's interpretations of their own television viewing, and the correlation between children's self reports and their mothers' estimates of the children's television viewing time. A total of 813 second, fifth, and eighth grade students were interviewed during one school year. These…

Student headcount and full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollments for the Illinois public community colleges during the nine-year period from 1971 through 1979 were examined along with tuition and fee changes in both actual and constant dollars to determine if a significant statistical relationship existed between changes in enrollment and changes in…

A study involving students in two English classes and two algebra classes at the College of Alameda was conducted to assess the correlation between a student's grade achievement and his/her ability to read at the level at which the course text was written. The Fry Readability Scale was used to determine the reading level of the course texts and…

The varying perspectives of self, as determined by distinct or discrete situations and individual perceptions within a multitrait-multimethod framework, were tested, and evidence for the validity of the measures was found. Six hundred ninety-eight students in grades 1-12 were randomly selected from suburban classrooms in the Northeast and…