Suggests borrowings should not be analyzed in a purely linguistic typology; politics, the economy, and social contacts provide a valid alternative. French purists on both the left and the right are as concerned with politics as with language. (Author/VWL)

Compares attempts at community development in Nigeria under English and French colonialism with postcolonial grass-roots efforts up to the post-cold war era. Suggests the need to rethink the structure and role of the state in society. (SK)

Discusses mandatory use of mother tongue education in Hong Kong after 1997 and raises the question of whether the change in language policy was driven by an educational agenda or whether there were underlying agendas. The history of the medium of instruction in Hong Kong is reviewed, and the experience of three decolonized Asian countries,…

Presents an overview of language policy in Peru from colonial times to the present and analyzes the impact of this policy, together with the underlying social conditions, on Spanish-Quechua language contact and Spanish language change in present-day Peru. (Author/VWL)

Provides a historical perspective to illustrate the early influence of colonial powers and religious education on Ghanaian education. Contemporary events during the Nkrumah period and the post coupe period are explored, with prime emphasis on the controversy over the inclusion of the vernacular. (Author/AM)

Contrary to the conventional notion that the principles of Western higher education were significant factors in predisposing Western educated Africans toward political liberation movements, this paper attempts to demonstrate that factors more complex than the ideals of Western higher education were involved. Specifically, the paper argues that it…

This is a book of stories that take place during the American Revolution. The stories are about the conflicts the pioneers had with the Indians and with detachments of the British army during the war. The author has thrown a great deal of spirit and dash into this narrative, which is sure to carry the boy or girl reader on to the end.

Blacks who gain consciousness of their ordained factorship have come to terms with both a personal and a collective past tainted with the scars of slavery, colonialism, and cultural capitulation. Genuine rehabilitation and social reconstruction occur only through critical appraisals of the root causes of social reality. (Author/WI)

Offers a new perspective on the novel, "No Longer at Ease," and comments on its sub-themes: the clash of two civilizations, the antipathy between youth and old age, human fallibility, social and moral decadence. In contrast with his earlier novel, Achebe writes topical satire for educated Africans. (LHW)

Analyzes the relationship of African Studies to Afro-American/Black Studies in American universities. Argues that the most promising scholarship in both fields shares the same aims: improvement of the socioeconomic condition of Blacks through the elimination of exploitation and the discovery of processes likely to effect such changes. (KH)

The introduction of Western-style education was an important aspect in the work of modernization in Burma between 1826 and 1886. The model usually adopted for their attempts at reform was Britain. (Author/WM)

Argues that race consciousness preceded racist ideology among apologists for western colonialism; there was, then, a racist predisposition that rationalized barbarous treatment of non-whites for the cause of Christianity and of "civilization. (KG)

Examines the similarities and contrasts in the status of the black man in Africa and American from early times through the present. (RJ)