Various models of educational evaluation are presented. These include: (1) the classical type model, which contains the following guidelines: formulate objectives, classify objectives, define objectives in behavioral terms, suggest situations in which achievement of objectives will be shown, develop or select appraisal techniques, and gather and…

Simulation seems to give at least a partial methodological answer to the pragmatic concept of learning by experience (and to the rising cry for social relevance in school curricula). Expecting, in the years ahead, increasing practices of various simulation techniques in classroom situations, there is need to re-examine some basic assumptions of…

Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of two different experimentally induced orientations toward lesson objectives on teachers' instructional behaviors and the consequent achievement of their pupils. In each experiment, 36 student teachers were randomly assigned to one of two treatments. Each treatment required the teachers to…

In the belief that trained personnel are vital to the development of quality care programs for children, this handbook provides training suggestions for personnel in various day care settings. Basic principles in day care training include: (1) All persons in a day care setting, from policy-makers, to staff, to children are learners; (2) Training…

The need for research on speech processes and cognitive learning in young children, as well as the background for such a project within the Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning, is presented. The first chapter deals with the nature and rationale of the research project, the relation of this project to other research…

A series of pilot experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of stress induced by load and interference on the acquisition and retention of a path finding skill, and to investigate the relationship between two path finding strategies--retention of strings of instructions and understanding of global relationships--as components of…

The aims of this symposium were "to consider problems relevant to education, to allow researchers already in this area to communicate directly about common problems and to suggest new ideas and directions for research in the field of psychology in education." The proceedings were published because, in addition to the fact that there is no text or…

This study examined the interactive relations among note-taking (NT), adjunct questions (AQ), and paying attention (PA) by students in lecture situations. The subject pool consisted of 154 students enrolled in basic psychology at the University of Massachusetts. Three aptitude tests were administered to all subjects. These tests measured (1) short…

A theory of learning and forgetting is proposed which uses an information processing (IP) model. The IP model views learning as a process of storing, retrieving, and outputing information from a permanent memory. The concept of information pattern is important to the IP model because the pattern of information determines how the information will…

This questionnaire is intended to help the classroom teacher group her children more effectively. The teacher must fill out the questionnaire for each child. It consists of 12 questions with four possible responses for each. Questionnaire results will show a pattern of responses for most children. The questionnaire is scored by computer. (See TM…

The purpose of this questionnaire is to analyze parental attitudes toward the project by examining the parents' perception of their children in the project. Six open-ended sentences are presented which the parent is asked to complete as he sees fit. Additional comments are also solicited. (See TM 001 363 for description of the total project; see…

THE OBJECTIVES WERE THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING VARIOUS ASPECTS OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN SPECIFIC CLASSES, AND DEMONSTRATING THE UTILITY OF THE TRADITIONAL CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE. TWO DIFFERENT STRATEGIES WERE EMPLOYED--(1) A MULTIVARIATE CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF GRADING PRACTICES, AND (2) THE USE OF AN OBSERVER IN A WIDE…

THE USEFULNESS OF A MULTIVARIATE PARADIGM FOR RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION WAS EXPLORED IN THIS INVESTIGATION. THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS WAS CONCEPTUALIZED AS FOUR CLUSTERS OF INTERACTING VARIABLES--LEARNER, ENVIRONMENTAL, INSTRUCTOR, AND COURSE VARIABLES. THESE VARIABLES ARE DESIGNATED AS THE "INSTRUCTIONAL GESTALT." FOR METHODOLOGICAL…

A reconstructive approach to memory for connected discourse is contrasted with orientations that emphasize passive reproduction. Conditions under which reconstructive errors in recall should occur are specified. Most conventional experiments do not satisfy the conditions. In an experiment involving 360 college students, subjects were induced not…

Field-independent and field-dependent college students studied a 1525-word article under a preferred or nonpreferred study condition (read only, underline, or note taking). Half of the subjects reviewed the material prior to an examination and half did not. Results indicated that field-independent subjects who used a nonpreferred study technique…