The results of two studies are detailed in this issue of "News Research Bulletin." In the study concerned with the difficulty of comparing the finances of newspapers, financial data from the following two groups of newspapers were analyzed: 67 weekly newspapers with circulations ranging from 2,500 to 4,500 and 28 dailies with…

In order for filmmaking to be a true art form, the filmmaker needs to be free both to conceive and realize a personal vision and to remain independent of rating codes, length prescriptions, the market, sterile formats, and other imposed limitations. Moreover, if noncommercial films are to succeed in the next decade, a respectful audience must be…

In an effort to assess the potential impact of cable television on broadcasting statistical techniques were used 1) to estimate cable penetration, 2) to build a model describing how the audience divides its viewing among available signals, and 3) to assess relationships between audience and revenue and between revenue and programming. These…

Investigates the demographic characteristics of the audiences that indicate a preference for programs in one of these six public radio formats: top forty, beautiful music, middle of the road, live progressive rock, automated rock, and all news. Multiple discriminate analysis is used to weight the potency of various demographic indices. (JVP)

One practical method which development film makers can adopt to increase comprehension of important scenes is to eliminate extraneous background information by putting it out of focus, or by shooting against plain backgrounds. (Author/STS)

This study was divided into three sections: (1) determining the style of picture most easily recognized by villagers, (2) determining villager's interpretation of pictures intended to convey messages, and (3) determining the cultural associations various colors had for villagers. Indications were that most previously produced visual materials had…

Children must develop a sense of audience, learn what writing is for, evaluate their own writing, and have a self-felt purpose for writing. (DD)

Presents the views of a scholar in speech communication on Henry Johnstone's ideas about rhetoric. Concludes that rhetoric that "appeals" wedges apart percipient and objects of perception, or that it forces a person to examine what he or she knows or is, as well as examining the proffered rhetoric. (NKA)

Proposes an approach to rhetorical criticism that features the relationship between a message and a culturally distanced interpreter or critic. Applies Paul Ricoeur's critical approach to an interpretation of the Gettysburg Address to illustrate how hermeneutics reveals the underlying meaning and cultural significance of enduring texts. (NKA)

Argues that by closely examining, editing, and rewriting actual autobiographical texts, students can learn how their own writer-oriented materials can be transformed into reader-oriented materials. (RAE)

Claims that the narrative paradigm recently proposed as a model for rhetorical criticism is problematic because of internal contradictions and inconsistencies. Argues that independent sources are lacking for judging the adequacy of a critic's claims about a text. (JD)

Because Blacks have been shown to watch more television than whites, some researchers have concluded that Blacks deem television to be more credible than whites. National survey data for four years between 1975 and 1982 confirm this belief, but the results do not explain why or whether this pattern continues. (KH)

Presents a procedural model for use as a prewriting strategy to help students "decenter" or distance themselves from their writing and avoid the generalities that characterize egocentric writing. The model provides opposing viewpoints in a student's analysis of problems or issues. (HTH)

Describes Robin McKinley, Newbery Award winner and author of "Beauty: A Retelling of the Story of the Beauty and the Beast,""The Door in the Hedge," and "The Hero and the Crown."(EL)