This study assessed the accuracy of judgments of 100 school-age children (5-11 years of age) as to the presence of real fruit content in three sets of cereals and beverages advertised on TV: real fruit, nonfruit, and artificially flavored products. In the baseline session accuracy increased with age, but children at each age misjudged the real…

THE PRINCIPAL OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE (1) TO DESCRIBE DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF STUDENTS FROM FIRST- THROUGH NINTH-GRADE LEVELS AS THEY AFFECT THE SOLUTION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM, (2) TO UTILIZE THE INHELDER-PIAGET AND THE BRUNNER SYSTEMS OF DESCRIBING STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, AND (3) TO DETERMINE BY MULTIVARIATE…

The paper reviews literature on the relationship between food, nutrition, and learning with particular emphasis on impairments in cognitive development and learning which result from malnutrition. Considered are means of detecting malnutrition, allergy symptoms, and steps a teacher can take in educating students and families about nutrition. Among…

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development and David Ausubel's assimilation theory of learning are explicated and selected research involving both theories is reviewed in this paper. The two theories are compared on selected dimensions to demonstrate that they are compatible and that, in conjunction with one another, they form a strong…

In discussing the relationship between cognitive development (perception, pattern recognition, and memory) and reading processes, this paper especially emphasizes developmental factors. After an overview of some issues that bear on how written language is processed, the paper presents a discussion of pattern recognition, including general pattern…

The author suggests that most research on the early detection of learning disabilities is characterisized by an ineffective and a theoretical method of selecting and validating tasks. An alternative technique is proposed, based on a neurological theory of cognitive processes, whereby task analysis is a first step, with empirical analyses as…

The paper describes the emergence of the variety of modified approaches toward the assessment of cognitive skills. A change in emphasis away from norm-referenced assessment toward criterion-referenced assessment is noted. For such approaches as emphasis on the process rather than the product, intense detailed behavioral observations, and…

The assessment profile of a 9-year-old blind child with normal intelligence is presented to illustrate activities useful in remediating lags in reasoning. Described are six activities from a module entitled "The Long and The Short of It", which provides the student with opportunities to use arbitrary units of measure and thereby…

This paper attempts to tie empathy to the individual's development of a cognitive sense of the other, and thus to lay the groundwork for a stage analysis of the development of altruistic motivation. The first stage proposed in this scheme is empathic distress, the involuntary experiencing of another person's painful emotional state. Empathic…

This paper introduces and gives a report of the first of a series of studies concerned with the developmental aspects of information processing. The experiments are concerned chiefly with how repeated visual encounters influence infants' attentional preference for what is familiar or unfamiliar and how infants' preference can be affected by…

This study was designed to ascertain the nature of information storage in humans and to determine the channel capacity of Ss at various stages of development. A 3 x 2 x 2 multivariate complete factorial design was employed: the three levels of the first factor (Age) were 5, 8, and 12 years; the two levels of the second factor were Visual and…

This issue of the IRCD Bulletin is devoted to a bibliography on the emotional and social development of socially disadvantaged children. The bibliography should be viewed as a companion to a previous one (UD 007 841) in which the focus was on cognitive development, for both the cognitive and the affective aspects of development should be regarded…

English, German, and American youth from pubescence to late adolescence were interviewed in order to discern the maturation of political perspectives. By comparing youngsters in three countries with different political traditions, the differential impact of social ideas was examined. At each age level subjects were matched for sex and I.Q. and,…

Piaget's conception of cognitive development as the development of a set of skills resulting from interaction with the environment has had a great effect on contemporary educational theory and spurred the Educational Testing Service (ETS) to develop a set of written exercises based on this concept. Piaget's emphasis, however, was on concrete…

The relationship between learning ability and intelligence has continually been a focus of theory and research. It is argued in this paper that the inconclusive results of studies relating individual differences variables such as intellectual abilities to learning are due to a too pragmatic, theoretical orientation. Theoretical models explicating…