The reliability of measures of need for achievement can be improved by increasing the number of items and by using different scoring systems and stimulus materials. (MLP)

Concludes that individuals can consciously introduce false projections while inhibiting true projections, thus affecting the theory of projection and the use of projective techniques for personality assessment. Since projective responses are subject to conscious control and distortion they are not reliable. (Author/EK)

Discusses two papers on university test validity and presents rational standards for researchers working on test validity. (PG)

Four essential dimensions of a performance test are detailed: directness of test method, type of criterion, standardization of conditions, and objectivity of scoring. For simplicity these factors are described as if each were dichotomous, when in actuality each is a continuum; a test method may be more or less direct, conditions more or less…

Study supported by Research Grant RT-11 from the Social and Rehabilitation Services, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

The paper describes development of the Minneapolis Preschool Screening Instrument (MPSI), a measure for identifying children needing preschool intervention. The measure was designed to be brief to administer, inexpensive and simple enough so that both professionals and nonprofessionals could quickly learn administration and scoring. A…

A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE CHANGES IN SCORE CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF SPEEDEDNESS WHEN A TEST IS PRESENTED VISUALLY BY PROJECTING ONE ITEM AT A TIME. THIS METHOD OF STUDY IS POTENTIALLY USEFUL FOR PRESENTING TEST MATERIALS BY TELEVISION. THE TOTAL SCORE AND PART SCORE DATA REVEALED HIGH RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE…

USING PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED FORMS OF THE DISCRIMINATION BY IDENTIFICATION OF PICTURES (DIP) TEST AND THE THRESHOLD BY IDENTIFICATION OF PICTURES (TIP) TEST, THE INVESTIGATORS SOUGHT TO IMPROVE THE MATERIAL AND PROCEDURE AND TO STANDARDIZE THE TESTS ON NORMAL HEARING CHILDREN. BOTH TESTS REQUIRED CHILDREN TO IDENTIFY PICTURES UPON HEARING NAMES OF…

OBJECTIVITY IN MENTAL TESTING REQUIRES THAT TEST CALIBRATION BE INDEPENDENT OF WHICH PERSONS ARE USED FOR THE CALIBRATION AND THAT PERSON MEASUREMENT BE INDEPENDENT OF WHICH ITEMS ARE USED FOR THE MEASUREMENT. PRESENT PRACTICE IS NOT OBJECTIVE, BUT COULD BE SO, AS SHOWN BY THE EXAMPLE HERE PRESENTED. DATA COME FROM THE RESPONSES OF 976 LAW…

The experiment described here was designed to find out which of two methods of testing--blank-filling and translation--gave the more accurate guide to linguistic ability. Two tests were devised to elicit identical correct answers using different means (blank-filling and translation). They were administered to two different classes of Guinean lycee…