This study compared the language skills of low-birth-weight premature infants (N=11), higher birth-weight premature infants (N=14), and full-term infants (N=12) at 22 months corrected chronological age. Results suggest that low-birth-weight premature infants are at greater risk than higher birth-weight premature infants for speech and language…

Explores the nature, importance, and development of child metacognition, arguing for the assisted development of metacognitive awareness in young children. Identifies factors that enhance metacognitive development and thus assist the transfer of learning. Suggests that metateaching strategies can help mediate the metacognitive strategies of…

Identifies and reviews 21 controlled outcome studies of school social work practice. Suggests that school social workers can use these studies as the basis for designing effective interventions in mental health prevention and treatment efforts in schools. Incorporates a risk and resilience perspective to link the demonstrated effects of…

This study used longitudinal productivity criteria to establish the phonetic skill of 20 children (followed from 9 to 16 months). The number of specific consonants produced consistently across the months predicted referential lexical use at 16 months. Prior use of at least two supraglottal consonants characterized the children achieving…

A study found 36 children (ages 3-5) with specific language impairment (SLI) produced more errors with third person singular pronouns than did age-level peers, but did not make more errors than peers matched for mean length of utterance. Error patterns were similar in children with SLI and their language-level peers. (Contains references.)…

Discusses the role of a study of atypical patterns of attachment behavior for the understanding of attachment theory, parenting, and child socioemotional development. Notes that research on atypical attachments suggest that the developmental integration of biological, psychological, and behavioral responses is more profoundly dependent on social-…

This article discusses current developments in connectionist modeling and the extension of principles of dynamical systems theory to cognitive and language development that have resulted in a new theory of language development known as emergentism. Specific language impairment is discussed within this emergentist view and preliminary implications…

Studied changes in bullying, victimization, and peer affiliation as 138 students made the transition from elementary school through the first year of middle school. Results show that bullying and aggressive victimization remain relatively constant over time. Discusses changes in social affiliations and their importance in minimizing victimization.…

Discusses the effects of schooling on the development of intelligence in children and how the amount of schooling should be considered when developing norms for turning intelligence test performance into IQ scores. Suggests that because of differences in schooling among same-age children, use of age-based norms results in biased deviation IQS.…

The accuracy of 3 developmental screening tests administered to 89 young children was compared. The Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test was more accurate than the Academic Scale of the Developmental Profile-II and the Denver-II, identifying correctly 72% of children with difficulties and 76% of children without diagnoses. (Author/JDD)

Presents an overview of the context and clinical principles of the use of developmental screening instruments (DSIs) to identify children with developmental disabilities that would not be recognized without their use. Offers guidelines for evaluating and using DSIs. Explains reasons for using DSIs in pediatric clinical settings and why they have…

Reviews four books: (1) "The Psychological Development of Low Birthweight Children" (S.L. Friedman and M.D. Sigman, editors); (2) "Special Issues in Child Care" (M. O'Hagan and M. Smith); (3) "Child Development from Birth to Eight" (Jennie Lindon); and (4) "Language Development in Exceptional Circumstances"…

Discusses the use of new statistical procedures in a study of the enduring effects of prenatal alcohol exposure upon the neurobehavioral development of some 500 children born in 1975-76. Explains how the Partial Least Squares (PLS) methodology can summarize the data powerfully while avoiding familiar inferential pitfalls. (MDM)

Investigated developmental differences in implicit memory performance. Subjects ranged in age from second grade to college level. Results suggested that there are two different components in implicit memory, one that shows no developmental difference and relies heavily on perceptual processing and one that shows an age-related or…

Results from a quasi-experimental research design used with 578 10-year-old children showed considerable effects of schooling on all intelligence tests given, including tests of fluid intelligence, and indicated that schooling effects explained most of the intellectual progress made in 1 year at that age. (SLD)