Found that oppositional behaviors were universal among preschool subjects but the intensity of resistance varied significantly. Suggests negativism can be minimized by giving verbal warnings of impending requests, giving choices and allowing "time-out" during power struggles. Discusses oppositional behavior as a normal phase of child…

Results supported A. Luria's contention that the development of mentally retarded children, regardless of etiology, is arrested at the second (asemantic) stage and that their performance deficiencies are even greater than might be predicted simply on the basis of their developmental level. (Author/SB)

Pre, post, and follow-up assessments showed that two tutoring programs (fantasy play tutoring and skill tutoring) had equal impact on the development of nursery school children's cognitive and linguistic development abilities. However, fantasy play tutoring showed a greater potential for maintaining or increasing social participation. (Author/MP)

Investigated fathers' influence on the socialization of children and how it may differ from that of mothers. Parents (N=128) responded to seven scales concerning parental role responsibilities. Fathers and mothers reported high agreement as to major parental role responsibilities for a male child, less agreement occurred for female children.…

To investigate the nature of children's reasoning about reality and fantasy in literature, grade-school children were presented with a series of paired printed materials and asked to tell which of the pair was more real and to explain their choices. (HOD)

Investigates the developmental and ecological determinants of children's use of privacy markers and rules in the home. Children's chronological age is consistently related to increases in privacy, though physical maturity accounts for a large portion of the age trends. Both age and sex effects are modified by situational factors. (Author/MA)

Refutes six common misconceptions about Piaget's theories, including their educational implications; Piaget's position on heredity v environment; and the relationships between developmental stages, age, and brain growth spurts. Condensed from "Impact on Instructional Improvement", Winter 1981, p7-11. (SJL)

Provides evidence that the significance given to the infant-mother attachment and personality and social development is not warranted. Infants normally develop attachments to more than one person. Their interpersonal world is complex and includes fathers and other caretakers. (Author/JAC)

Child development and family researchers generally reside in different departments and rarely belong to each other's professional organizations or publish in their organizations' journals. Further, even when studying the same topic, parent-child relations, researchers use different methods and subjects. These differences appear to be increasing…

Analyzes cultural deprivation as a factor affecting children's acquisition, development and utilization of language. Finds that social class, home and environmental variables are among the most significant underlying dimensions of language patterns. Their influence on language is described as a series of conditioned responses reinforced in the…

Presents three aspects of the school environment which influence child development: physical and material space, human relationships, and activities. (Author/DB)

Discusses the problems which arise as a result of the child's spontaneous activities changing into meaningful behavior. Emphasizes the child's need for guidance from knowledgeable adults and the need for completing activities to the child's satisfaction. (Author/DB)

The fears of 133 7- to 19-year-old boys and girls classified as educable mentally retarded, trainable mentally retarded, and specific learning disabled were assessed through self-report data and compared with those of 106 normal children ages 6 to 12. (CM)

The pattern of the changing attitudes of Western society towards child's play reflects the turbulence and variety of general social, political, philosophical, and educational developments. (LH)

Adventure playgrounds provide children with an area free from the imposition of adult values and social competition--a crucial necessity in a healthful maturation process. (LH)