The article asserts that books on tape with sound illustrations (accurate narrative descriptions of graphics and photos) and tactile books stimulate visually impaired and blind children to better understand the physical world. (Author/DB)

A stratified random sample of 82 subjects, from 4 to 25 years of age, was used to examine relationships between intransitivity of paired-comparison relationships and age of subjects. Results indicate a floor level, at 6 to 7 years of age, below which response intransitivity increases significantly. (TJH)

Examined and compared the perceptions of parenthood by 127 rural and 145 urban couples in relation to 4 dependent variables of child development (physical, intellectual, social, and emotional), using a Q-sort methodology. Rural parents emphasized intellectual and emotional development significantly more than did urban parents, and emphasized…

Used a model of family process to predict 178 children's emotional adjustment and behavior problems during parents' divorce. Findings showed that the parents who had less marital conflict had better relationships with their children after separation, which in turn was associated with more adaptive child functioning. (TE)

Presented is a form which uses an ecological approach to the assessment of emotionally disturbed and behavior-disordered children and their families. The form covers demographic information, family relationships, child's developmental and medical history, child's school history, service treatment history, typical day descriptions, and behavior.…

The study examined student records to evaluate the mathematical performance of 220 children from 8 through 17 years of age diagnosed as having learning disabilities. Developmental patterns were identified and implications for instruction including specially designed instruction stressing problem solving were drawn. (Author/DB)

Discusses ingredients of quality infant/toddler caregiving; these include individualized attentive loving, respect for children's tempos and exploration needs, language mastery experiences, activities shared by caregiver and child, nutrition and health care, promotion of babies' altruism, continuity of care and cognitive facilitation. (BB)

Reviews studies of the effects of maternal employment on marital relations, child development, and the mothers themselves. Concludes that employment is not the major issue in either marital relations or child development, but family circumstances, attitudes and expectations of both parents, and the distribution of available time have important…

Compares differences between adolescent and older mothers on tests of infant motor, cognitive, social and language development; and first- and second-year abilities. Older mothers were better at predicting emergence of infant behaviors and first-year behaviors. There was no difference between groups in predicting second-year behaviors. (Author/BB)

The influence of social and cognitive developmental processes on the construction of social reputation was assessed by having first-, third-, and fifth-grade boys and girls provide free descriptions of their classmates. (PCB)

Social competence emerges mainly from experience in close relationships. Experience in both vertical and horizontal relationships is necessary for optimum growth. These two types of relationships serve different functions in children's development and emerge at different times; their quality affects them in enduring ways. (Author/BJV)

Better integration of basic principles about human development--such as targeted environmental prevention, metacognitive conveyance, and ecological dominion--with treatment practices for children may solve key issues about the nature of mental retardation and the goals of treatment programs, and will yield substantial benefits to individuals and…

Addresses issues such as dropouts, teenage pregnancy, drug abuse, suicide, and other health-damaging behaviors. Presents a theory of youth development and learning, and an integrated, interactive and reciprocal model for the prevention of health-damaging behavior. Addresses the role of the schools in prevention. (Author/BH)

Examined child development research and relocation research to help school counselors understand a child's age-related concept of and typical reaction to relocation. Suggests action steps for counselors that can maximize a child's positive adjustment to a new environment. (NB)

Urges parents and teachers to cultivate realistic expectations regarding the development of young children. Sees the parents' role as teaching basic activities related to food, sleep, cleanliness, safety and love. Sees the preschool's role as helping children learn to get along with others, develop language skills, and accept responsibilities.…