This paper is designed as an information guide for those persons responsible for rearing human infants from birth to 18 months. The author provides an extensive review of the literature and trends of research in this area noting that the current volumes of knowledge in this area are not yet dependable enough to provide reliable bases for practice.…

Effectance, defined as the child's independent, effective interaction with people and things, is studied through observation of the play of 36 preschool low income black children. The children were observed and filmed in semi-structured play sessions, primarily with family dolls, doll furniture, and small baby bottle. Instruments used were: (1)…

The final project report evaluates services to young infants and their parents in an early intervention program for neurologically handicapped (cerebral palsied) children. Following a general report of the 1969-70 activities, evidence from evaluation research in three areas is presented. Studied were the effects of group therapy on the parents of…

A sequence of problem solving tasks of classification of geometric forms and biological organisms based on Piaget's theory of learning were developed and tested with elementary school children. One experiment involved third grade subjects with one treatment group directed to learn both simple and hierarchical operations, a second group directed to…

The purposes of this study include: (1) determining whether socioeconomic status (SES) or verbal ability (VA) exerts greater influence on childrens' performance of Piagetian tasks; (2) devising an instrument for measuring childrens' level of cognitive development which does not depend on verbal ability alone; and (3) adapting materials for teacher…

Language as an identifiable cognitive behavior must be studied in relation to identity and memory, all of whose structures undergo progressive changes as the child develops. The organization of the development of the organism depends upon relatively ordered structures of growth, following foreseeable pathways or creodes. The processes occurring…

The relationships between locus of control and other personality variables were studied, using the Nowicki-Strickland Scale. The broad hypotheses were that internal locus of control would be related to a number of other competence-type behaviors and adaptive social functioning. Results of various studies are presented, and it is concluded that the…

The sequence of development as hypothesized by Piaget has been confirmed for various groups of children by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Such consistency has increased interest in constructing scales based on Piaget's theory according to psychometric principles. Three major problems are discussed which present definite obstacles in the…

A booklet is presented for parents of blind children. This booklet lists various toys that are useful for the child in his development and cognitive growth. Three kits of toys are presented. Each of these kits was developed for children of approximate age groups. Kit #1 is for the very young blind infants and contains toys that usually interest…

A publication concerning the out of school or day care of children from ages six to fourteen is presented. It is pointed out that all good day care programs share at least two features: (1) They add to and strengthen the kind of care and guidance provided by parents; and (2) They aim at providing the child with experiences which will encourage the…

The value and importance of creative activities and play opportunities in play therapy is reviewed and discussed. Play therapy is considered to be part of the non-directive client-centered approach to counseling developed by Carl Rogers. The importance of giving the child the opportunity to play out his feelings and explore his thoughts and…

A description of some techniques for developing children's creative thinking is presented. The principal technique used was to have children keep a journal of new ideas for five days a week. Thoughts to be written down included thinking about physical phenomena, children's thoughts about interpersonal relationships and themselves, children's…

A study was conducted to gather data on inservice training programs of extension agents. Objectives included: (1) To gather historical information regarding Extension agent inservice training programs conducted in various states in the United States in the area of educational needs of mothers of preschool children; (2) To review generally accepted…

A correspondence is suggested between the two different abilities underlying performance on intellectual or learning tasks discussed by Jensen and the two response processes postulated by various mediational models of discrimination learning. To test this, two groups of nursery school children differentiated by the measurable social class of their…

The purpose of this paper is to trace the development of camping and outdoor education in the United States. The early beginnings of camping are described along with the development of organized camps and the influences of urbanization on camping. The basic idea of education through camping is presented for each of the various types of organized…