Nine primary teachers were interviewed to determine whether their reading beliefs for their classrooms differed from beliefs they might have had if they were teaching either an upper elementary grade or a classroom of students from a socioeconomic (SES) background different from their present classrooms. The teachers stated their beliefs for five…

A study was conducted to determine whether the spellinq achievement and school attitudes of third grade students from the middle socio-economic level could be accelerated relative to a control group with the SALT method, Lozanov's Suggestive-Accelerative Learning and Teaching. Spelling test words for pre- and post-testing were drawn from the…

This paper examines the following issue: Is the process of educational attainment the same for both whites and Mexican Americans, or does it differ? Two possible explanations for why mean differences exist in educational outcomes for whites and Mexican Americans are that either the process of educational attainment varies between the two groups,…

Previous studies by Newman, Whittemore, and Newman (NWN) reported that between the years 1959 and 1963 and the years 1962 and 1967, percentages of women in the labor force increased as well as suicide rates. The role of women in the labor force was indicative of anomie, which correlated with suicide. The relationship between working women and…

The most common psychological disorder found in the elderly is depression. To investigate the relationship between numerous age-related stresses and depression in older adults, 68 residents of a retirement center completed a questionnaire assessing depression and a wide range of possible losses or stresses. Depression was related to poorer…

Individuals who differ in moral reasoning have been found not only to achieve different stations in life but also to have considerably different values and strategies by which they conduct their lives. The nature of individuals' life outcomes was measured in this study using the status of the person's job as well as both structured and open-ended…

Examined are changes in personality impressions formed by status-oriented individuals who differ in Need for Social Approval (NA) or Locus of Control of Reinforcement (I-E). Subjects recorded their initial and final personality impressions of speakers ascribed either high or low social status. High NA observers (or Externals) showed most positive…

Examined in this document are the prevalence of early marriage and childbearing, and the relationship of early marriage and childbearing to divorce and separation. The report focuses on three hypotheses: (1) that marriage between young, unprepared teenagers ends more frequently in divorce regardless of the presence or absence of a child; (2) that…

This study investigated whether kindergarten children have consistent preferences in explaining success and failure outcomes and whether these attributional preferences are related to other variables known to be associated with achievement motivation. The 48 Hawaiian kindergarteners who served as subjects were asked to explain a fictional outcome…

An all-encompassing definition of the traditional role of the Indian woman is hard to reach because that role changes with every tribal group. However, by examining one group, the Woodland Indians, an idea of the Indian woman's role can emerge. The "poor, overworked squaw" stereotype is erroneous, for early Indian men and women were…

Although individuals aim their attempts to exert legitimate political influence at particular levels of government, the hierarchical organization of "political influence attempts" is an aspect of political participation which has not yet received systematic study. In order to examine the perceived political influence of rural people in a…

In this society cultural pluralism and social stratification go hand in hand. Status differences among cultural groups can be clearly seen in urban schools, where there may be many different groups and where stereotyping often results. One problem with status stereotypes is that they are not completely fixed in reality. A further problem is that…

Seventy-four male eminent social scientists provided career stage data by which adult development theory was tested. All were born between 1893 and 1903 and met the criteria of a distinguished (and for several still active) scholarly career. The subjects were separated into four groups on the basis of their degree of productivity as of age 60.…

In order to examine the black college student's values toward mate selection, the potential desirable traits of a future spouse were divided into instrumental and expressive traits. Instrumental traits are those which serve the family's essential material needs, while expressive traits serve the family's emotional needs. Possible differences by…

A comparison of college faculty earnings to earnings of other professionals with comparable educational background is presented in an effort to determine the relative standing of the academic profession among all professional occupations. The information is compiled from self-reported figures of the Bureau of Census survey that provides data on…