Considers the impact of Costa Rican public higher education expansion on social stratification and labor markets. Suggests that the 1970s reform was accompanied by increased stratification of the higher education population through creation of new institutions of different quality, dilution of education resources, and stimulation of drop-out…

Discusses the tradition of the Italian family and changes in family life since World War II. Examines socioeconomic differentiation and family forms; family structure and kinship networks; social policies and family solidarity; stability and family dissolution; and innovative processes in family life. Concludes that there is a profound change in…

Examines how individual characteristics and the employment opportunity structure vary for female-headed households in urban and nonmetropolitan areas. Finds little difference by residence on characteristics that influence poverty status. Employed nonmetro women more likely to have poverty incomes while opportunities for female headed nonmetro…

The educational reform movement of the 1980s has ignored a backlog of social problems. Schools must develop the critical faculties of their students. Schools are severely impacted by the inequalities present in the larger society--particularly racial. The need for a critical pedagogy is acute. (Author/BJV)

Examines the effects of psychological counseling style and status configuration on Koreans' perception of counselor performance. Findings were significant for the effect of counseling style only. Suggestions for further research on status configuration are discussed. (FMW)

Examines the library profession from a cross cultural perspective in order to explain how and why librarians define their work the way they do. The efforts of librarians to gain professional recognition are discussed as a means of understanding how librarians view their role and how they are ultimately affecting their society. (CLB)

Used quantitative and qualitative measures to examine reasons for underachievement or success in 9- to 11-year olds. Found poor handwriting, when stemming from weak fine motor skills and poor eye-hand coordination, marks underachievement. Socioeconomic factors influenced differences in math, but not in reading ability. Academic success was more…

Mothers provided personality assessments of 350 ethnically diverse 12- and 13-year-old boys using the California Child Q-set procedure to allow the development of scales to measure 5 personality dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. The resulting nomological network related these…

Analysis of scores of 313 students at the United Arab Emirates University on the College Students' Attitude Scale towards the Handicapped found significantly more positive attitudes by females versus males, single versus married students, residents versus nonresidents, families with children having disabilities, students having previous contact…

Used adaptation of Attachment Q-Set (AQS) with 24 infant-mother monkey dyads to clarify the secure-base concept. Found that infants of high-ranking monkeys scored higher than those of low-ranking ones, suggesting the origins of the secure-base phenomenon, as well as the importance of exploring infant secure-base behaviors in families of different…

Focuses on the self-perception of Native Americans and the perception of the views of non-Native Americans about them. The article presents results from a collection of oral interviews with 16 Native Americans of various tribes. Interviewees point to the Bureau of Indian Affairs policies and practices holding them back from full participation in…

Using data from the 1988 National Education Longitudinal Study, this research investigated whether ability grouping level magnifies the effects of background differences on mathematics achievement for eighth-grade public school students. Students in high-ability groups viewed math more positively, exhibited more appropriate behavior in math class,…

Discusses the requirements of culturally competent practice with African-American social service clients. Notes that ethnic identity, differential levels of cultural assimilation, social class, and cultural values affect the provision of clinical services in family foster care. Examines possible points of stress between African-American case…

The birth of additional children, marital termination, and mother remaining unmarried have generally negative effects on children's home environments, although the negative effect of maternal employment varies in accordance with job complexity. The negative effect of remaining unmarried varies in accordance with mothers' employment status and the…

Criticizes data analysis and interpretation in "The Bell Curve:" Herrnstein and Murray do not actually study the "cognitive elite"; do not control for education when examining effects of cognitive ability on occupational outcomes, ignore, cultural diversity within broad ethnic groups (Asian Americans, Latinos), ignore gender…