Examines the policy in parts of Scotland, 1915-45, requiring women teachers to resign on marriage, and discusses social ideologies and religious influences. Analyzes interviews with 17 women who had taught during that period, and reveals some unexpected results of the marriage bar. Contains 12 references. (SV)

Reports on two research studies investigating whether teachers can enhance third-grade students' written composition skills by reading aloud to them. Indicates that written composition skills improved, especially written syntactic maturity. (SR)

Two studies of nursery school children examined the relationship between friendships and sociometric judgments of social status. (Author/BB)

Criticizes the Slomczynski and Krauze mobility decomposition theory and its application to the Featherman-Jones-Hauser (FJH) hypothesis. Offers a multiplicative model that addresses the substantive problems of the original research. (FMW)

The first comprehensive profile of U.S. college presidents confirms the conventional wisdom about their characteristics and background. The study examined their academic preparation, career paths and mobility, minority group distribution, age, marital status, and the proportion of presidents from outside academe. (MSE)

Evaluates competing theories about strained Black-Jewish relations. Discusses Edna Bonacich's (1973) explanation for Jewish attainment of middleman positions and indicates why this generates anti-Jewish sentiment. Demonstrates that Bonacich's sojourner theory cannot provide a foundation for the analysis of the behavior of Jewish immigrants to the…

Describes study that examined the general patterns of computer use and response to computer-assisted instruction by older adults age 45 to 70 in programs for jobless men and women to learn skills for labor market re-entry. Socioeconomic characteristics are examined, and the instructor's role in determining student attitudes is explored. (23…

Explored what impact the Search for Education, Evaluation, and Knowledge (SEEK) program had on female students at Brooklyn College (n=896). Results indicated that SEEK subjects who were independent of their parents had a more positive reaction to college and achieved a significantly higher grade point average than did parent-dependent subjects.…

Examines the development of an urban Indian ethnic group in Phoenix, Arizona. Uses a social network analysis to determine the group's level of social cohesion. (FMW)

Explored the interrelations between cultural-familial factors such as socioeconomic status, ethnicity, family structure, and parental behavior and measures of metacognitive and academic performance in 154 second-grade children. Findings corroborated assertions that theories emphasizing racial differences in cognitive and metacognitive functioning…

Examines cross-metropolitan variation in Puerto Rican poverty rates using an instrumental variables regression model. The analysis highlights the roles of residential segregation and economic restructuring on Puerto Rican poverty rates in 1970 and 1980. During the 1970s, the contributory effects of segregation grew stronger, whereas the…

In a follow-up to Michaels' research that identified "topic associating," the narrative styles of 48 low-income urban kindergartners were examined. Results, which revealed both topic-associating and topic-centered stories, showed storybook and fairy tale themes/structures in both styles but most clearly in topic-centered narratives and a…

This study found the patterns of circulation in various categories of adult books to be similar across the branches of the Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library. In only some subject categories, branch circulation levels were related to socioeconomic characteristics. (AEF)

This study examined the effects of demographic factors, disability status, and individual internal resources to the long-term psychosocial adjustment of 88 married women with orthopedic, neurological, and internal chronic diseases. Results suggest that sense of coherence and socioeconomic status, rather than disability status variables, accounted…

The study reported here assessed the analogical reasoning ability of gifted young children and examined the influence of gender, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity on that ability. Only the effect of ethnicity was found to be significant. The mean difference in analogical reasoning reflected performance differences between the white and Hispanic…