Discusses the importance of the home setting for the development of literacy. The article focuses on a pilot study employing homelike interactive models in classroom settings. Results reveal that pupils of low socioeconomic status in an experimental group, who were exposed systematically to series books in English, had higher reading comprehension…

Analysis of data from the 1988 International Social Science Survey examined attitudes toward the centrality of children in six European countries. Italians and Austrians had the most favorable attitudes toward children, Dutch respondents the least. Pronatalism was positively related to being ever-married with children, and negatively related to…

Analysis of national longitudinal survey data on 918 adolescent males and their parents shows that violent delinquency is a product of learning definitions favorable to violence; such learning is determined by association with aggressive peers, socioeconomic status, parenting practices, and prior violent delinquency. Emphasizes joint contributions…

Examined advanced mathematics achievement among high school students using data from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. Examination of school- and student-level factors indicated that gender and economic disparities existed, even with the most advanced students. This disparity varied by school. Parent education related to…

Examined the relations between school-relevant activities of preschoolers and teachers' subsequent perception of the children's competence once they had entered school. Found that middle-class preschoolers engaged in more school-relevant activities than working-class preschoolers. Elementary students who had initiated and engaged in more…

This longitudinal study tested the contribution of age and marital status at first birth to depressive symptomatology in early adulthood. Findings indicated that unmarried teenage childbearers displayed higher levels of depressive symptoms than women who first gave birth as married adults. The psychological health of married teenage mothers in…

Special issue explores the lives of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgendered (LGBT) public-school administrators. Provides an analysis of ways sexuality has been a central force in shaping school administration. Administrative work paralleled the roles in traditional married households; administrators have been required to demonstrate notably…

Describes a study that investigated the use of microcomputers in elementary and secondary schools in one southern state. The availability of hardware, software, and personnel resources is discussed; student access in relation to ability level and socioeconomic status is examined; and recommendations to alleviate inequities in computer access are…

A survey of 173 medical residency and fellowship graduates found women expecting spouses to contribute half the family income; men anticipated sole responsibility. Married women with children planned on working fewer hours than others. It is concluded that family structure may be important in income and working hours patterns. (Author/MSE)

Three parties in the present Finnish educational debate are identified: those who argue that the government lacks a clear comprehensive view of educational policy; those who defend the results of social democratic policy; and those who argue for economic competitiveness as the main goal of education. (MLW)

Describes a technique to teach students about U.S. society that involves: assigning each person an imaginary occupation and family statistics. Students attend a mock 20-year high school class reunion. The class discussion that follows this activity explores group dynamics and social patterns that evolve along class lines. (GG)

Institutions must understand the characteristics of different Hispanic cultures so they can plan successful recruitment and retention strategies. The following factors are discussed: (1) national subgroups; (2) socioeconomic differences; (3) intra- and intercultural separation; and (4) the role of the family as a unifying factor in all groups.…

Behavioral correlates of social status and the relative importance of physical appearance, reputation, and current behavior in the assignment of social status by peers was assessed in 2 studies of elementary school students (68 and 119 students, respectively). Videotapes and photographs were used to compare popular, rejected, and neglected…

Discusses the Nigerian nationalist demand for the development of university education between 1920 and 1948. Expounds on the role of particular nationalist individuals, movements, and organizations. Focuses on the National Congress of West Africa's role in the struggle. Examines the response of the British colonial government to the nationalists'…

Attempts to identify the master stigma, that characteristic of an individual that he believes to have the strongest negative effects on interactions with others, as perceived by students from four developing nations. Racial background was the master stigma only for the Nigerian students and being a foreigner was for the Iranian, Taiwanese, and…