A Scottish national study examined relationships between pupil background characteristics and performance in reading and mathematics at 80 primary and secondary schools. Age within the grade level, gender, and socioeconomic disadvantage had varying effects on achievement in different grades. School-level variations were more marked for primary…

This study with 83 normally developing children (ages 4-6) compared three essential skills in early literacy, letter-sound recognition, letter-sound recall, and letter reproduction. Children performed better in letter-sound recognition than in letter-sound recall and letter reproduction. There were no performance differences due to sex or age.…

Examines status in institutional discourse and identifies congruence as a factor in the success of native and nonnative speakers. Nonnative speakers suffered from a lack of context-specific pragmatic competence involving the use of status preserving strategies and appropriate content for noncongruent speech acts. (21 references) (JL)

Analyses of communicative exchanges among 64 playgroup children revealed that both 3-and 4-year-old nonhandicapped children adjusted the communicative function, style, and affective quality of their interactions when addressing mildly developmentally delayed companions. Adjustments were more closely related to interpersonal and social status…

Reviews the research literature on career counseling with Hispanics in the U.S. from 1970 to the present. The article is organized into four areas: occupational aspirations, vocational interests, on-the-job behavior, and educational attainment. Findings suggest that Hispanics' lack of occupational mobility is related to socioeconomic status and…

Studied whether social skills intervention would be more effective when delivered in presence of high-social-status (HS) students in grades two, three, and four. Assigned 35 low-social-status students to intervention with HS peers, without HS peers, or no intervention. Evaluations of peer ratings, social problem solving, and teacher ratings…

Family responses to family-school conflicts may be manifested in family interaction and/or work performance and are influenced by numerous factors including socioeconomic status, child's grade level, family structure, cultural background, financial or structural stress, and rigidity of functioning. (Author/PB)

Investigates the incidence of potentially stressful life events among members of an urban population of 433 minority youths of low socioeconomic status. Results are discussed, and potential directions for future research are suggested. (TE)

Examines fifth- and sixth-grade children's responses to social rejection in relation to beliefs about the relative malleability of social skills and perceptions of responsibility for and control over social outcomes. Results show such beliefs and perceptions are associated with children's ability to surmount rejections and persist toward social…

Consequences for institutional quality when playing the Prestige Game are examined. Six behaviors that characterize participation in the Prestige Game are identified: recruiting star faculty, tightening admissions standards, raising tuition, reforming curriculum, building partnerships with business, and institutional imaging. (MLW)

Investigates the levels of political efficacy reported by college students in the United States, England, and India. Discusses the factors that influence political efficacy in each culture including educational faculty, gender, age, religion, language, residence, economic status, student's characteristics, interest in politics and party…

Presents Edna Bonacich's views on the social costs of Korean immigrant entrepreneurship in Los Angeles (California), for both the immigrants and society. Discusses the inadequacies of her arguments concerning these negative consequences. Considers the policy implications of Bonacich's interpretation for immigrants. (JS)

Results of a study of the relationship between marital status and psychological adjustment, sociodemographic, and academic variables in women undergraduates over 25 are reported, and implications for advising are discussed. It is concluded that this population may need added attention from university personnel to make higher education a positive…

Summarizes information on the numbers of foreign-born children in the United States in 1980 and data on immigrant children 1980-85. Examines census data on the language characteristics, educational attainment, and economic status of recent immigrants from Mexico and 11 other countries. Contains 8 data tables. (Auth/SV)

Studies the role of cultural capital in the relationship between social background inequalities and educational attainment, using data from a national sample of Greek high school seniors. Finds that, although reproduction of the social hierarchy occurs through schooling, student ability and effort are the major mechanisms underlying educational…