Age changes' measures of prosocial responding and reasoning were examined. Participants' reports of helping, empathy-related responding, and prosocial moral reasoning were obtained in adolescence (from age 15-16 years) and into adulthood (to age 25-26 years). Perspective taking and approval/interpersonal orientedstereotypic prosocial moral…

Educational researchers are accustomed to institutional review board (IRB) requirements (e.g., protecting participants) with students often identified as the only "vulnerable population" for IRB purposes. However, as practitioner research has gained more prominence, the vulnerability of teacher-researchers themselves has begun to…

Purpose: E. Bialystok and E. B. Ryan (1985) have outlined two operations, analysis and control, which are required for grammaticality judgments. In this model, analysis is involved in determining the grammaticality of a sentence, and control is required so that irrelevant information is ignored. This study examined these processes in specific…

Involvement has long been theoretically specified as a crucial factor determining the persuasive impact of messages. In social judgment theory, ego-involvement makes people more resistant to persuasion, whereas in dual-process models, high-involvement people are susceptible to persuasion when argument quality is high. It is argued that these…

Within academe, there is much interest in the workings of the academic marketplace. Efforts to understand how the process unfolds occupy both researchers and participants. Clearly, the search process is complex. This article contributes to one's understanding by systematically examining how teaching is valued and assessed by search committees. As…

In this article, Grint's model of leadership is used to shape discussions of how "problems" are responded to in the context of a preschool in an Australian regional town. Authority styles are described as command, management, or leadership. These authority styles result in approaching problems as "crises," "tame…

Attempts to describe and critique some of the work of psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, to project its future impact, and to relate it to the author's own career. Focuses on the theme of dialectic, interactive growth in the author's relationship with Kohlberg, and as the phenomena of study in his own research. Lists future research needs. (Author/NB)

Presents the concept that information relates to value just as the information professional relates to salary, and then describes four approaches to understanding what constitutes value in information: intrinsic quality, the effect of cost, a product of supply and demand, or a function of utility. (CLB)

The social judgments of 75 subjects aged 11 and 75 aged 14 were compared using Peel's three categories of judgment to measure and evaluate responses. Clear, if limited, evidence for progress between the two ages in the ability to judge other people's perspectives was obtained, in line with Peel's general theory. (Author)

In a study of moral judgment, some children grasped the concept of behavioral intention but did not use it consistently (mediational deficiency); others had the concept but failed to use it at all (production deficiency); and still others did not have the concept (moral realism). Field dependence varied with moral stage. (Author/MJL)

Dunlop (Journal of Philosophy of Education; v14 p178 1980) suggests that people give up their capacity for independent judgment in face of coercive public standards. The author agrees, but believes Dunlop's appeal to intuition should be replaced with an appeal to universal criteria of rationality. (KC)

Investigates levels of moral reasoning among sex offenders court-ordered into a community-based treatment program. Comparison of the study sample to national normative data indicated that this sample of sex offenders was employing a level of moral reasoning two standard deviations lower than adults in general. Potential implications of the…

Dewey felt that people conducted themselves most ethically when reason and desire were in harmony. This article seeks to clarify some of the ambiguities noted by various interpreters of Dewey's philosophy, considers criticisms of these interpretations, and establishes a basis for fresh theorizing in the field of ethics. (IAH)

Reports the results of administering the Crissman test of moral values to 169 Ohio State University students in 1988, and discusses changes as measured over the last 60 years using the same test. Finds college youth of the 1980s the least morally severe generation of recent times. (DM)

Explains how Piaget's theory illuminates children's cognitive construction of morality. Discusses ways to develop moral judgment by teaching reciprocity and mutual respect. (SK)