The study examined impact of office automation on the roles and staffing patterns of office employees at the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke. Results of an interview study indicate that automation has had a favorable impact on the way work is accomplished and on the work environment. (Author/CH)

Examined tasks performed by counselors working in elementary schools and had counselors assess activities in terms of how highly they valued them and how much time they spent in each activity. Respondents reported valuing most activities more than they participated in them. Findings have implications for counselor education programs. (NB)

Surveyed 155 secondary school counselors from schools organized along three different structures (high schools, junior high schools, combined junior-senior high schools) to examine how the counselors perceived their roles. Counselors in combined schools reported spending greater amounts of time doing educational and vocational guidance.…

Encourages school counselors to define and defend their chosen roles based on their professional knowledge of what counseling is and what it can do in the school setting and to teach people what to expect of counselors. Offers suggestions for counselors interested in clarifying their roles for the people they work with and serve. (NB)

Examined differences between 216 spouses in remarriages classified as having low or high boundary ambiguity. Found high boundary ambiguity to be more prevalent in certain types of remarriages (stepmother families with nonresidential children). Few significant differences were found when wives were compared with wives and husbands with husbands in…

Examines faculty/student relationship in required research projects in aging. Discusses joint research project undertaken by Social Work and Health Sciences faculty and students at one university. Presents implications of experience for integration of faculty and student efforts, emphasizing teamwork rather than free student labor. (Author/NB)

During the interaction prelude to role setting, claiming a coveted role through unilateral role behavior is strategically vulnerable. A distinct action ideal, called local action, is used to avoid role claims until there is evidence that a claimed role will be conferred. Local action provides an explanation for balanced reciprocity. (Author/BJV)

Mothers (n=26) who were incest survivors were compared with 28 mothers with no such history for 7 areas of parenting skills: role-image, objectivity, expectations, rapport, communication, limit-setting, and role-support. Significant differences were found on all seven scales, characterized by a tendency for the incest survivors to be less skillful…

Compares family role dysfunction, college adjustment, chemical dependence, and family functioning among college students (n=245) from three groups: dysfunctional homes with significant substance abuse; dysfunctional homes without significant substance abuse; and nonabusing, nondysfunctional homes. Results suggest that substance abuse or dependence…

Summarizes a study using latent-trait theory to construct a variable that conceptualizes practitioner perspectives about the deputy principalship in self-managing (Australian) primary schools. A sample of 403 deputy principals, 179 principals, and 138 teachers was analyzed according to both actual and ideal situations, using a Rasch measurement…

Summarizes a study of parental beliefs attempting to identify what behaviors and attitudes parents thought were important influences on the child's school success. The sample comprised parents of primary schoolers in a citywide district in the South. Results indicated that parents saw their role as crucially important to their child's academic…

This article describes the functions of ethnography and the primary themes that form the foundation for qualitative inquiry generally and ethnography specifically, as applied in the fields of education and communication disorders. Quantitative and qualitative methods are compared for inquiry conditions, analysis, researcher's role, orientation,…

Proposes a framework to examine principals' careers and argues for more research attention on that subject. The framework facilitates understanding of the principalship incentive system by showing how objective features of the principal's role and the principal's own assessment of the career are intertwined. Principals' accounts of their careers…

Provides clear definitions of administrator and counselor roles in the interest of school effectiveness. Although guiding a school to instructional excellence is the most important administrative task, counselors have only limited curricular responsibility. Shared roles include the areas of public relations, drug abuse education, and knowledge of…

Summarizes two Israeli case studies concerning an internal curriculum coordinator functioning as a school staff member and an external curriculum coordinator delegated by a national project. The schools had similar (participative) educational philosophies. Studies highlighted the principal-coordinator relationship, personal factors affecting the…