The diagnostic and prescriptive strategies presented in this paper are based on the assumption that reading is language, reading is understanding, reading is not an exact process, reading is responding, and reading is enjoyable. The principles of diagnosis based on these assumptions are that diagnosis will be based on the goals of the reading…

This bibliography is intended to provide a selective list of references on the cloze procedure and its application to teaching English as a second language. Part one of the bibliography includes seven general references on the cloze procedure in general, i.e., research reviews and bibliographies. These were chosen because they provide extensive…

The purpose of this study was fourfold: (1) to conduct a qualitative diagnosis of the oral reading of selected middle school underachievers utilizing miscue analysis; (2) to select, design, and implement reading strategy lessons (RSL) based on psycholinguistic principles; (3) to determine to what extent the subjects were helped through the use of…

This paper describes a research project which was designed to analyze the extent of functional literacy at different grade levels in Sweden. Functional literacy is defined here as the use of the mechanics of reading for different information purposes. A test battery was administered to 2600 students in grades six through twelve. The test battery…

This study was an investigation into the relationships between reading interests and reading comprehension as demonstrated by a group of fifth-graders who rated reading passages for interest and then were checked for comprehension of these same passages. A seven-point rating inventory, ranging from a "liked very, very much" rating to a "disliked…

Recent research indicates that boys read as well as girls if given high-interest material but read more poorly if given low-interest material. This study investigated possible factors contributing to the facilitating effect of interest of boys. Two experiments were performed to learn whether high-interest topics are associated with traditionally…

This study was designed to explore two questions: do a listener's reactions differ by media; and do variables such as credibility, saliency, and recall function independently in realistic rhetorical situations? The study was designed to investigate listening variables as they function in field communication situations through the use of…

The cloze procedure, a technique for determining the difficulty level of written material, involves the systematic deletion of words from a prose selection and the supplying of the missing words by a student or a group of students. The students' ability to supply these words is a significant indicator of how well they comprehend the written…

Comprehension levels necessary to the acquisition and retention of facts, concepts, and rules and the facilitating effects of the use of orienting directions and postadjunct questions were investigated in a study involving 105 sixth-grade students. Four treatment groups each received a version of a six-page fictional passage, differing in the use…

Readability has been gauged by such means as determining the length of individual words in a passage, analyzing types of sentences, and assessing numbers of subordinate clauses, prepositional phrases, modifiers, and so on. Probably the most successful formula has been the Dale-Chall method, which measures readability by determining the percentage…

Confluent education is the intentional integration of the affective and the cognitive domain in curriculum design and classroom teaching. The purpose of this study was to define, operationalize, and empirically evaluate a confluent reading/English fundamentals curriculum for community college students. A theoretical model was developed to describe…

The purpose of this practicum was to develop a supplemental reading program to meet the reading needs of upper-grade pupils in the elementary school. This program utilizes commercial television programs as the medium for: viewing of the taped program; reading of the program script; instruction in word knowledge, decoding, and comprehension skills…

This study investigated two approaches to vocabulary development with intermediate grade Menominee Indian children. Specifically, the differences in reading comprehension, writing vocabulary, reading vocabulary, and attitudes toward reading of students were examined. The two methods compared were (1) the Native American Culturally-Oriented…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of specific training procedures developed to enhance the use of context as an aid to word recognition and comprehension. A series of sixteen audio-tapes and accompanying printed materials were designed and field tested in this study. Forty-eight nine- and ten-year-old subjects were…

Many young children are being placed in a formal reading program before they are cognitively ready. Jean Piaget's developmental theory challenges educators to begin viewing learning and cognitive development from the child's point of view. Interpreters of Piaget's theory have addressed themselves to the teaching of math and science concepts, but…