Research on the environmental conditions promoting generative language learning is reviewed. Recombinative generalization is introduced as a principle of stimulus control that enables individuals to express and to comprehend novel utterances. Alternative matrix-training procedures should be considered in attempts to optimize the development of…

While all six misarticulating children evidenced generalization, individual differences in learning patterns did emerge. These patterns were explained in terms of three factors: information about the children's unique knowledge about the phonologic system, the linguistic relationships among sounds, and the interaction of these factors with the…

This study investigates whether generalizing performance-scores of various hidden figures tests is justifiable. The test characteristics of embeddedness and norm figure uncertainty were systematically varied following a repeated measurement design. The generalizability of these test characteristics appeared to be limited. (Author/BW)

Reliability generalization (RG) is a measurement meta-analytic method used to explore the variability in score reliability estimates and to characterize possible sources of the variance. Summarizes some RG considerations, and suggests how confidence intervals might be portrayed graphically. (SLD)

Used reliability generalization to study five versions of the Working Alliance Inventory (A. Horvath, 1981; WAI), analyzing 67 internal consistency estimates, 6 interrater reliability estimates, and 4 study characteristics. In general WAI scale scores appear to be robust. (SLD)

Describes how the assumptions underlying the use of multiple regression are not satisfied in reliability generalization studies and introduces mixed effects modeling to overcome many shortcomings of traditional approaches. Provides an example using results from the Beck Depression Inventory. (SLD)

The neural net model of J. E. R. Staddon and A. K. Reid (1990) explains exponential and Gaussian generalization gradients in the same way as the diffusion model of R. N. Shepard (1958). The cognitive generalization theory of Shepard (1987), also implemented as a connectionist network, goes beyond both models in accounting for classification…

An account of the generalization that geminate inalterability is avoidable only in the domain of lenition processes is discussed that is couched within a general optimality theoretic treatment of lenition in which a scalar effort minimization constraint interacts with a set of lenition-blocking constraints. (Author/VWL)

Examined the relationships between the latencies of theoretically corresponding and noncorresponding component processes across diverse tasks derived from the structure of intellect model. Results for 72 participants provide evidence that corresponding component processes are generalizable while noncorresponding component processes are not. (SLD)

Two experiments presented infants with artificial language input in which at least two generalizations were logically possible. The results demonstrate that infants made one of the two generalizations tested, the one that was most statistically consistent with the particular subset of the data they received. The experiments shed light on how…

We studied the effects of delayed constructed-response identity marching on spelling with 6 first graders with histories of school failure. After training, the children learned to spell words to dictation and their cursive writing improved. These results replicate studies showing that delayed constructed-response matching establishes spelling. For…

Three experiments with a novel variation of the inductive generalization procedure examined 18- and 22-month-olds' knowledge of objects' motion properties. Infants observed simple air and land movements modeled with an appropriate category member (e.g. dog) or an ambiguous block and were allowed to imitate with one or more of four exemplars. The…

Early theories of categorization assumed that either rules, or prototypes, or exemplars were exclusively used to mentally represent categories of objects. More recently, hybrid theories of categorization have been proposed that variously combine these different forms of category representation. Our research addressed the question of whether there…

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an augmentative and alternative communication program (Frost & Bondy, 2002). Although PECS has been effectively used to teach functional requesting skills for children with autism, mental retardation, visual impairment, and physical disabilities (e.g., Anderson, Moore, & Bourne, 2007; Chambers &…

The NCTM calls for the use of rich tasks that encourage students to apply their own reasoning to problem situations. When students work through algebraic generalization tasks, their reasoning often elicits a variety of strategies (Lannin 2003; Stacey 1989; Swafford and Langrall 2000). Challenges for teachers include facilitating student awareness…