Reflection involves active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or practice. It promotes understanding of underlying beliefs and application of new knowledge to new situations. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) provides the instructional mechanisms for prompting learner reflective thinking. Research questions for this study were: (1)…

In order to understand the cognitive and affective roots underpinning the differences between teachers' and parents' teaching approaches for hearing-impaired children, this study proposes a four-level analysis structure (global-level schema, middle-level schema, local-level schema, and prepositional reasoning) to construct and then compare…

The focus is on the metacognitive awareness of ten high-achieving high school pupils from Denmark and England and their cognitive learning process. Un-structured interviews in smaller groups investigates how they say they learn a mathematical concept that is new to them. I develop the "CULTIS model for analysis" (Consciousness,…

This study is about engagement in adult literacy education. Engagement is mental effort focused on learning. It is important to understand how and why adult learners engage in literacy instruction because engagement is a precondition to learning progress. Researchers who study engagement conceive of it in different ways. Some focus on engagement…

Educators, concerned with disturbing trends in school failure, are arguing for more learner-centered models of schooling. Such a reform effort requires set principles that emphasize the active and reflective nature of learning and learners; 14 such principles are reported here. The immediate goal of this report is to provide a framework that can…

Designed for inservice and preservice training, this manual provides information about the ways a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can affect a student's functioning and the ways an educator can intervene to improve the student's chances of academic and social success. The first part of the manual is a trainer's manual and the second part is a…

This booklet proposes a model for learning that provides insight into the underlying physiology of the brain and suggests teaching strategies of repetition, variety and pattern, and incubation consistent with that physiology. It discusses how these three strategies can be used to enhance learning in the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective…

This study examined the effectiveness of a conceptual change teaching strategy over the traditional method on high school students' (N=152) attitudes towards learning biology. The study employed a two-group experimental control design. The experimental group was taught using a conceptual change teaching strategy. A 21-item instrument that is…

This book is designed to help students become better test takers. It is intended for teachers, but would be helpful to parents who think that their children's test scores do not completely represent their knowledge or abilities. Test taking skills are those skills that, when used effectively, contribute to a "test-wise" individual who can use…

This study suggests the use of a systemic process approach to the analysis of students' understanding of biological systems. A unified model was employed to enable the capture of the dynamic nature of biological processes and phenomena. The study is based on the integration of two conceptual frameworks, one related to systems and the other to the…

This report seeks to answer a set of related questions in the context of the United Kingdom: where technology education comes from, what it contributes to the curriculum and what its unique qualities are, and how excellence in students should be assessed. Part 1 describes and analyzes the evolutionary steps in the emergence of technology in the…

This science activity book, for grades 8-12, can be used to teach students the thinking skills they will need to undertake scientific exploration on their own. The skills they develop will improve their science abilities and enhance their overall academic performance. This book is divided into two sections: (1) "Dynamo Demos", teacher-led…

The Career Thoughts Inventory (CTI) is a theory-based assessment and intervention resource intended to improve the quality of career decisions made by adults, college students, and high school students, while at the same time improving the quality of career services delivered to them. It is a self-administered, objectively scored measure of…

This digest discusses the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act requirements which state that all students, regardless of their abilities, be given the opportunity to become involved with and progress in the general education curriculum. It describes how educators can use a curriculum that has been universally designed to ensure…

This paper describes the creation and evaluation of a World Wide Web-based courseware module, using conceptual models based on constructivism, that teaches novices how to use the Internet for searching. Questionnaires and interviews were used to understand the difficulties of a group of novices. The conceptual model of the experts for the task was…