A series of experiments is described whose aim was to define certain of the effective dimensions of stimulation in the newborn's visual environment. (Author/JMB)

Hearing-impaired 6- to 13-year-olds (N=24), trained to discriminate between two stimulus complexes differing in shape, direction, and number, were asked to discriminate between individual characteristics in all possible pair combinations. General failure to respond to all characteristics equally suggested that hearing-impaired children tend to be…

In three experiments, the effect of additional "contextual" elements on the discrimination of the orientation of linear and curvilinear segments was investigated with four-month-old infants. Results suggest that, regarding certain stimuli and techniques of measurement, surrounding contextual segments can aid the discrimination of linear…

Four-month-old rhesus monkeys were removed from their social group under three different conditions of perceptual isolation from their mothers and peers. Infant behavior was recorded and blood samples were obtained for analysis of plasma cortisol. Infants never showed signs of depression; their responses following separation were seen as attempts…

A visual prompting procedure was instituted to train four mildly retarded elementary children to make purchases. Results indicated all students acquired coin skills taught during training, generalized skills to untrained items, and maintained skills over a four-week interval. Removal of visual prompts (fading) resulted in improvement for all…

Three experiments tested for developmental changes in attention to auditory and visual signals. Results showed that adults and seven-year-olds tended to allocate their attention to vision rather than audition when no precue was provided. While not entirely consistent, results with four-year-olds suggested a similar biasing of attention to vision.…

Three experiments investigated the dynamics of human infant visual fixation. Results showed that, over a series of trials, four-month-olds fixate longer on a complex than on a simple stimulus. Findings challenge prevailing cognitive-schema theories as a complete account of the dynamics of infant visual fixation. A two-process theory that accounts…

While all six severely retarded adults increased their work output over the 35 18-minute sesions, it was concluded that the reinforcement contingencies were influential in only four Ss. It was speculated that auditory stimulation may be a more potent motivator than visual stimulation. (Author/CL)

Investigated relative effects of chronological age and experiential deprivation upon pictorial recognition. Four age levels (ages four to five, five to six, six to seven, and seven to eight years) and two levels of deprivation were manipulated. The 50 subjects in each factorial cell performed tasks individually. (Author/RH)

Recognition by infants, 13 and 22 weeks old, was tested by pairing novel stimuli with the familiarization stimulus at different points in an experimental session. Younger subjects showed no recognition of either two- or three- dimensional stimuli. Older subjects demonstrated more recognition in the three-dimensional condition. (MS)

Human infants' discrimination of changes in internal and external elements of compound visual patterns was investigated in four experiments employing a familiarization-novelty paradigm in which visual reinforcing patterns were presented contingent upon rate of high-amplitude nonnutritive sucking. (Author/JH)

In a visual memory task, two degrees of stimulus detail were compared to test Reese's hypothesis that stimulus detail would facilitate retention of paired associates for young children. Forty 4-year-olds and forty 5-year-olds were tested to assess reported trend that elaboration facilitates retention for older children. (JH)

The serial recall of visually presented words which were either read aloud (voiced) or read silently was examined in 3 experiments. (Editor)

Sometime before four months of age infants are capable of storing information either about the physical properties of visual stimuli or about the contigency between their response and the reinforcement. (Author)