In an initial section, this paper presents a review of the literature and discusses the hypothesized relationship between self-efficacy, (defined as personal judgments of how well one can organize and implement behaviors in situations that may contain novel, unpredictable and possibly stressful elements) and achievement behavior. Source of…

This paper describes the self-evaluation maintenance model (SEM) which suggests that much social behavior can be understood by assuming that persons are motivated to maintain a positive self-evaluation. The two processes by which one's social circumstances may affect self-evaluation, i.e., reflection and comparison, are described. The relationship…

Determining the characteristics of effective teaching has been a problem for more than 50 years. Studies attempting to rate characteristics or to devise a fair evaluation method abound, but one necessary perspective must not be overlooked: that of the student. An effective teacher transmits knowledge with a blend of intensity and empathy that…

This guide is one of nine activity books designed to support a comprehensive developmental guidance program model developed to aid school planners and guidance personnel in the improvement of existing programs or the implementation of new programs. The model materials focus on program planning, staff development, guidance curriculum, and activity…

This guide is one of nine activity books designed to support a comprehensive developmental guidance program model developed to aid school planners and guidance personnel in the improvement of existing programs or the implementation of new programs. The model materials focus on program planning, staff development, guidance curriculum, and activity…

This workshop, designed to use motivational theories in understanding work behaviors and to increase job satisfaction and performance, deals with cognitive theories in motivation, need theories, and the Equity Theory within the Expectancy Valence Model. Counseling technique areas of communication skills and rational thinking that facilitate the…

A modified rank order procedure was developed and tested to increase the sensitivity of student evaluation instruments. Students in 14 psychology classes at Weber State College were asked to think of all the courses they have taken at the college level and to determine which one was the best and which course or instructor was the worst. These…

The relationship between teachers' statements about classroom tasks and the degree of subsequent student engagement were studied to test the influence of teachers' expectations. Task presentation statements made by teachers in 6 reading and mathematics classes for the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades were classified according to 18 categories of…

There are four reasons why comparative data is needed for student ratings of faculty performance: (1) the considerable inflation of student ratings; (2) the great variability in the way students rate different items; (3) because student rating systems must be flexible and comparable; and (4) because of factors (such as student motivation, class…

This four-section report presents information on the 1982-83 Louisiana State Assessment Program. The major purpose of the program is to assess student performance in reading, writing, and mathematics. Section I discuses the scope of the 1982-83 program, provides highlights of results, and briefly considers test administration and reporting…

The purposes of this study were to establish the interrater reliability, dimensionality, and internal consistency of an instruction evaluation instrument used at The University of Michigan Medical School. Using the nine-item rating scale, 1,758 student ratings and 88 staff ratings were gathered on 61 faculty. Interrater agreement ranged from .28…

This summary report evaluates the 1983-84 Portland Public Schools Chapter 1 program in terms of achievement gains on the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills and the Portland Achievement Test. The Chapter l project included three public high schools, 50 public elementary schools, and 14 nonpublic elementary schools. At any given time, about 7,000…

A dominant theme in cognitive psychology is that prior knowledge in long-term memory has a strong influence on an individual's cognitive processing. Citing numerous memory studies with children, knowledge base effects are presented as part of a broader picture of memory development. Using the sort/recall procedure (asking subjects to group sets of…

This study investigated the contributions of the professional qualification of biology teachers, laboratory facilities, and biology textbooks to the teaching of biology in 10 government and 10 harambee schools in Kenya. Biology is currently a compulsory subject in all secondary schools in this country. Data were obtained from questionnaires…

Student teacher supervisors were surveyed to obtain their ratings of graduates from the College of Education at Ohio State University. Three sample years (l978-79, 1980-81, 1981-82) were chosen. The questionnaire dealt with: (1) whether or not the graduate was still being supervised by the individual completing the questionnaire; (2) how long the…