Criticizes author Maxine Greene's position in "The Dialectic of Freedom" because, in the reviewer's opinion, she never really considers the interconnection between community, tradition, authority, and meaning. Proposes instead, the ideas of Gregory Bateson as offering a more contemporary epistemology and seminal notions on which to…

Three students (ages 5-10) with profound intellectual, sensory, and physical disabilities were taught to activate a communication device to request the continuation of activities in which they were involved. The intervention consisted of a consistent response interval and increasing time delay paired with decreasing physical assistance in…

The article outlines plans for a national (New Zealand) demographic and services study of older mentally handicapped adults. Results from interviews with 91 individuals are summarized and indicate a wide range of skills and life experiences. The ability of older people with intellectual disabilities to participate in service planning is discussed.…

The president of the American Association on Mental Retardation looks at recent trends in the field in the context of moral values. The paper notes positive trends toward more inclusionary programs and policies and emphasis on consumer empowerment and urges professionals to support and assist clients as they exercise their right to…

Examines the reflexive self, defined as the ability to reflect and consider who one is in relation to others, with examples from the experiences of gifted children and adolescents. Concepts of self-efficacy, self-image, self-concept, self-esteem, self-deception, and self-discrepancy are explored. (DB)

Describes a World-Wide-Web-based course-support environment for a university course in instructional design, explains how the environment was used as part of the course experience, and summarizes student evaluation of the course. This augmented learning process is characterized as a "tele-learning" situation because telematics applications were…

The theory of psychological reactance provides a useful framework for understanding perceived client resistance. This article elaborates on how this theory can be helpful to human services interns, particularly in the areas of client socialization, client motivation, and therapeutic pacing. A case example from adolescent treatment is included.…

Primary and secondary schooling experiences of 21 adults (seven each from Denmark, Germany, and United Kingdom) showed positive views of primary and postcompulsory education but reservations about their progress in early secondary schooling. Results were attributed less to adolescent development factors than to management of the transition from…

Describes a 10-year effort to restructure an urban school system. Central to the process was the role of school principals, who were vested with responsible autonomy in the administration and leadership of their schools. Those who were considered most successful in the restructuring effort were interdependent with, rather than independent of,…

Describes the mental and physical coping behaviors of a disabled adventure education participant in her efforts to make personal, challenging choices without group pressure. A "universal programming" commitment incorporates equity and inclusion by allowing for individual choice and attitude modification within challenging group activities. (SAS)

Reports an effort to teach second-language students how to become autonomous in their language learning by combining learning-strategy instruction with course content. Examines usefulness of a required language-learning project for guiding students through self-assessment, goal-setting, planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own language…

An experiential practitioner discusses the foundations of his ethical perspective on challenge by choice--participant choice within adventure activities. These foundations include existential and experiential philosophy, leisure theory, and the adventure-based counseling model. The ethics of choice and informed consent is discussed in relation to…

Discusses five Montessori insights about children's development as they relate to family and school life: independence and autonomy, community and socialization, interest in culture and morality, preadolescents' apprenticeship for adulthood, and adult acceptance of the evidence of change. Notes that underlying dynamics of home and school are alike…

A study investigated out-of-school outcomes for 505 students with disabilities. Conventional item analysis procedures were used to construct a priori quality-of-life composites (social relationships, employment, and independence) from 17 questionnaire variables. Results indicate that although quality of life is multidimensional, competence appears…

The purpose of this article is three-fold: to review issues to be considered when counseling African-American adolescent females; to discuss counseling implications based on those issues; and to illustrate a school counselor successfully assisting and empowering a member of this adolescent group. (Author)