A national language is useful as one means of creating social cohesion at the level of the whole country. It is also a symbol of national identity and of a nation's distinction from other countries. Probably no nation will ever be fully satisfied with a language that is a national language in the symbolic sense only, but the symbolic function of a…

Learning is a metaphoric function in which the individual confirms or reorders his sense of reality by relating previous experiences with present ones. Outward Bound, an experiential learning approach, incorporates this insight in its theoretical foundations. The effectiveness of the metaphor is dependent on the extent to which the experience is…

Although leadership has been a major research topic for decades, the study of women in leadership positions is a recent phenomenon. To examine the effects of selection agent expertise and various gender factors upon the influence and perceived expertise of male and female leaders, and upon group cohesiveness, both male (N=69) and female (N=80)…

The double consciousness model represents Black self-concept as being comprised of three primary cognitive structures: the "I," the "me," and the "we" self-referents. A study was conducted to examine three assumptions pertaining to the "we" self-referent: (1) that it reflects attitudes and behaviors developed because of Black Americans' African…

This paper is concerned with the relationship between black adolescents' performance on school measures of success, particularly as this performance is perceived to be indicative of their intellectual and academic capabilities and their group identity. The paper's basic premise is that many black adolescents have made the decision not to seek…

This report summarizes results of a 1984 study of the lifestyles, values, buying behavior, and media habits of the Hispanic American market. First, a number of shifts in U.S. political, social, and economic life (since 1981, when the first study of this type was conducted) which are changing the orientation of Hispanics are discussed. These shifts…

The model of the family as a set of contingent careers is brought into focus by Wilbert Moore's suggestions that in schedule synchronization the family takes priority in claiming time, the wife-mother asserts such claims and arranges the schedule, and common leisure activities symbolize the solidarity of the unit. The perception of parents of the…

The group syntality concept of Raymond B. Cattell furnishes a useful framework for teaching parliamentary procedure. Although there are contrasts between the histories, subject matters, and perspectives of the areas of parliamentary procedure and group dynamics, teachers and students of parliamentary procedure might profitably draw from some of…

THREE SIGNIFICANT PHASES OF INDIAN UNITY ARE DISCUSSED. THE BASIC FAMILY AND TRIBAL UNITY WHICH HAS ALWAYS EXISTED AMONG INDIANS IS NOW EXTENDING INTO INTRA-TRIBAL OR INDIAN UNITY. CLOSELY LINKED TO THIS CHANGE, BUT NOT EASILY DISCERNIBLE, IS THE GROWING ANGLO-INDIAN UNITY. THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS TO THIS RULE, BUT THE UNDERLYING FEATURE OF THE…

The study seeks to determine and describe factors which are related to, and which may be responsible for, adult participation or lack of participation in a large-scale, community-wide, cultural arts project involving considerable volunteer effort. While serving as a participant observer, the researcher gathered data from sources directly related…

Upon the death of a family member societally imposed role expectancies emerge. The participant observer method utilized in the context of a bereavement self-help group revealed not only the emergence of distinct roles but also five groups to which these roles were related. Generally, the group members and the groups themselves spanned a continuum…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible role of adult education in nation-building. Nation-building was defined as a process of building group cohesion and group loyalty for the purposes of domestic planning and international representation. Models were designed for the purpose of analyzing the function of adult education in…

The objective of this paper was to develop a broad, systematic conceptual framework for studying psychological and biological based disabilities of individual family members as attributes of the family unit and to direct attention to potentially useful research on the causes and social consequences of family disability. A research review…

This book is a general report on aspects of group processes in elementary and secondary schools with reference to appropriate research. Group processes are defined as changes in the social unit known as the group that take place over a period of time; the expected changes occur in three domains--cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. The book…