The hypotheses that moral judgment increases with age and that the maturity level of values and reasons for perceiving them as values increases with older age groups in the population of mentally subnormal children were tested. The hypotheses were only partially confirmed. (Author/AM)

Third and fifth graders (n=45) were asked about teacher-executed punishments for moral infractions (e.g., stealing) and conventional misbehavior (e.g., gumchewing). Children perceived presentation with unpleasant stimuli as more frequent and effective than removal of privileges. Removal punishments were perceived as more effective for moral…

Discusses the causes of variability of training impact and problems with previous models for evaluation of training. Presents the Success Case Evaluation approach as a way to measure the impact of training and build learning capability to increase the business value of training by focusing on a small number of trainees. (Author/LRW)

Discusses the need to focus on customer service in libraries. Topics include motivating factors, including the value of library services as judged by the users; attributes of customer service; categories of customer service; identifying users; and questions to ask library staff to help evaluate their customer service. (LRW)

The relationship between moral judgment and moral actions as Kohlberg defined it is extended to include more comprehensive social psychological factors. (Author/BB)

Examined differences in self-identity and moral reasoning, as defined by Gilligan and Lyons, between male and female undergraduates (N=77). For self-description modes, findings revealed significant differences between male and female use of connected mode but not for use of separate/objective mode. Found significant differences between male and…

This literature review examines the potential of selective recall for assessing level of moral reasoning. Rest's Defining Issues Test was administered to five individuals to test the applicability of certain principles of selective recall in assessing moral reasoning. (IAH)

When 58 creative college students were administered the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire and compared to 58 controls, the creative students showed greater agreement of endorsement on the "Mental Illness,""Right to Die,""Normality," and "Aggression" scales, and greater disagreement on the "Cry for Help,""Religion," and "Moral Evil" scales. (Author/JDD)

Studied the emotional attributions which 60 children aged four-eight gave to a story figure who violated a moral rule. Results suggested a clear change from outcome-oriented toward morally oriented attributions to a moral wrongdoer between the different age groups. (RJC)

Examined the efficacy of a causal model suggesting that lack of a violence inhibitor when confronted with distress cues may explain psychopathic behavior. Compared to control subjects, the psychopaths made no moral/conventional distinction about transgressions, treated conventional transgressions like moral transgressions, and were much less…

A two-step procedure for making moral and ethical decisions in professional situations involves identifying obligations, ideals, and potential effects, and assessing the relative weights of all considerations. Two cases illustrate the application of the procedure by outdoor leaders. (SV)

Administered Washington University Sentence Completion Test, Rest Defining Issues Test, and moral judgment interview of reasons for choosing abortion to unmarried females (ages 12-14, 17-19, 23-25). Found clear developmental differences between youngest and two older groups on ego development and principled moral reasoning; no major differences…

Outlines the conceptual frameworks of consequentialist and nonconsequentialist ethics as examples of two common and competing moral perspectives. Suggests possibilities for applications of ethics to issues that are common in consumer and family economics curricula. (Author/JOW)

A prescriptive moral guidance approach to teaching nursing ethics is unacceptable. Students should be introduced to philosophical methods to learn autonomous analysis and decision making. Case-study material based on personal experiences enhances the integration of ethical reasoning and clinical practice. (SK)

Investigates the impact of an individual's life condition on the relationship between moral judgment and behavior, specifically delinquent behavior. Samples two groups: homeless youth and institutionalized youth. Concludes that delinquent behavior is caused by different factors in each of these groups, but both stem from the nature of their social…