Investigates validity of Carkhuff's Index of Communication and Emphatic Understanding Rating Scale in terms of order effects, parallel items reflecting men and children as helpees, and differences between graduate students in psychology and nursing. Low scores were obtained by students in helping professions. (Author)

Describes an undergraduate course designed to help psychology paraprofessionals. The course provided an introduction to a theory of helping, supervised practice in a classroom setting, and a forum to integrate theory, practice, and personal concerns. (CK)

Although there is a tendency to view very brief interventions (short therapeutic encounters) as therapeutic failures, this study corroborates findings that clients tend to terminate college mental health encounters because they have reached their goals. (JN)

Presents a definition and historical review of organized advocacy for children and families. Discusses the differences between case and class advocacy and highlights four proven strategies for successful advocacy. (SJL)

A study of urban frail elderly revealed an association between higher rates of social interaction and more reliance on informal aid but less reliance on formal agencies. It may well be that informal social ties block proper access to useful services rather than lead to more humane and cheaper alternatives. (Author)

Cites some of the problems of the health professions and provides guidelines useful for counselors in pursuing optional health and development. Areas of involvement of transpersonal psychology are recommended. (BEF)

As a change agent, the continuing education administrator plays a leadership role which includes planning, monitoring, and motivating the unit. This role focuses on building client relationships and creating a supportive climate in which innovation and change can occur. (SK)

Considers developmental problems suffered by gender-disturbed boys and examines the relatively poor prognosis for untreated individuals. Specific diagnostic procedures and issues are discussed. Specific treatment interventions to increase the child's range of masculine behaviors to a reasonable balance between masculine and feminine behavior are…

Discusses the concept of confidentiality as it relates to therapeutic relationships on the college campus. Maintains that confidentiality must not be violated short of instances where a life is at stake. Roles of therapist and consultant are examined. Implications for policy are discussed. (Author)

Suicide is a tragic and upsetting event which sometimes occurs when a person is in some form of therapy. This paper advocates a process after a patient commits suicide which allows for a thorough and orderly working through of the event by involved treatment personnel. (Author)

Compared the diagnostic and descriptive judgments by intake counselors about clients. Results showed that counselors made differing judgments about clients. Significant differences were found in some judgments when analyzed by sex of the counselors. (Author)

Presents a Gestalt therapeutic approach that has shown promise within a drug treatment program. The major issues discussed include the acquisition of self-support, taking responsibility, dealing with anxiety, contact, and the expression of pent-up feelings. (Author)

The use of paradox-strategy in therapy is motivated by the fact that many families request help but at the same time seem to reject all offers of help. By prescribing its own dysfunctional rules to the family, the therapist can stimulate the tendencies toward change present in the system. (Author)

Encounters, defined as contacts between a social worker and client that have not been regularly scheduled, represent an alternative to the classic casework method. Presents a consumer-oriented strategy based on clinical experience in a public community mental health center in a large urban area. (Author)

Grandparents may feel resentment, discomfort and embarrassment toward handicapped grandchild. To offer emotional support to the parents, they must resolve these feelings. Talking with people knowledgeable about handicaps and reading may help grandparents accept handicaps. Grandparents' attention and interest can make major contributions to…