Characteristics of heads of 1,249 poor families in rural areas of the Mississippi Delta region who had high potential for breaking out of poverty were determined in this study. Potential for moving out of poverty was measured by degree of expressed willingness of a household head to take action for positive change in his circumstances. Such…

This paper deals with a scale of attitudes of whites towards blacks and blacks towards whites, constructed using Guttmann's methods of facet analysis. The source of the scale was the finding by the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders and other researchers that there was a consistent hierarchy of grievances in every major city surveyed.…

Racial, sex, and family background differences of ninth- and twelfth-grade students in feelings of individual control over environment were analyzed from the data of the Coleman Report. For the ninth-grade group of black students the situational components of social class level of classmates, racial composition of the classroom, and close…

Incentives such as enlistment bonuses are frequently suggested as a means of enhancing recruiting in the all-volunteer force setting. The basic assumption behind them is "more is better." Single incentives, double incentive packages, and triple incentive packages were compared for potential influence on enlistment. Also, in the same vein, the…

Gaining "relevant" political knowledge, mastering specific political-administrative competencies, and participating in community processes -- all avenues of curriculum development for political activism -- can be ineffective if a student has been unable to resolve certain psycho-philosophic concerns. These concerns help to explain the nature and…

This essay examines American Indian education from a historical perspective and analyzes the role of the school as an institution in an Indian community. Since the arrival of the white man in America, Indians have faced a world of cultural conflict. Throughout the history of Indian education, their values and way of life have been demeaned. The…

The text describes the American Indian and Eskimo of the United States as a people that are no longer prepared to accept an inferior position in their homeland. History shows that the majority of Indian peoples wanted to share not only in the material advances made by modern society but also in the basic European scientific outlook--an outlook…

Decision-making Rationale for Educational Testing (DRET) is a proposal intended to reduce the misuse of achievement tests. It assumes 1) measurement is intended to facilitate decision-making, 2) the choice of an instrument, the identification of examinees and the use of test results is determined by the decision for which the measurement is to be…

A perception of limited autonomy in the environment of the low socioeconomic black child has important implications for educators. Firstly, since the educational setting is challenging and often fear-provoking for disadvantaged students, it would seem desirable to reduce the generalized expectancy of powerlessness that is characteristic of many of…

The document discussed the political realities facing American Indian communities as these communities move toward Indian control of quality education. The experiences with the Pine Point school suggested the 2 major functions of an experimental community school were: (1) to show methods for improving education; and (2) to demonstrate how to put…

During October and November 1975, American Indian organization leaders, school superintendents, Bureau of Indian Affairs' (BIA) administrators, education administrators, workshop and seminar participants, parents, tribal leaders, and school teachers were surveyed on what they considered the primary concerns of education at the field level and the…

This booklet, a general guide to citizen eco-action, discusses a plan of action on community environmental problems. It offers factors to be considered in any community eco-action situation, but it is not a rigid set of rules. An overview identifies seven key ideas of environmental issues, including the universal participation of all humans in the…

Educators in the Netherlands conceive of peace education as alternating between the transformation or improvement of the individual and the transformation of structures within which people act. Peace education aims at raising people's consciousness that they are responsible for peace. (RM)

Found that white leaders exhibited more internal control and attributed good outcomes to personal attributes more often than did Black leaders. Self-concept data and sex-role orientation data were not helpful in interpreting findings. (Author/AS)

In this essay, women outdoor leaders discuss how gender influences their work, and explore and challenge some assumptions underlying outdoor leadership that continue to privilege the impartial, disembodied practices typified by the masculine outdoor leader. Four feminist, and three other feminist outdoor leaders participated in personal interviews…