Growth curve analysis is applied to modeling test performance changes demonstrated by older adults following cognitive training or based on repeatedly presented fluid intelligence measures. Findings using data from a study by P. Bates and others (1986) provide evidence of plasticity in the fluid intelligence of older adults. (SLD)

From his work with brain-damaged patients, Howard Gardner developed a set of criteria for what determines intelligence. From these he identified seven intelligences, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal capabilities. An eighth intelligence, the naturalistic ability to…

Howard Gardner's hypothesis of seven distinct types of intelligence is explained and each of the theorized intelligences is related to the theory of cognitive style. The article concludes that multiple intelligence theory is not about new "intelligences," but rather, a reframing of what others have defined as cognitive styles. (DB)

Whether results previously found in adults, demonstrating a relationship between intellectual ability, speed of information processing, and memory capacity could be found in young children was studied with 109 children. Findings suggest that children's intelligence cannot be explained using a model of adult intelligence. (SLD)

A. S. Kaufman (1994) recommended that clinicians substitute Symbol Search, a new subtest, for the Coding subtest when calculating Performance and Full Scale IQs on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III. Tables are provided for accurate derivation of IQs, percentile ranks, and confidence intervals when this substitution is made. (SLD)

Addresses selecting materials for children who have deficits or strengths in their use of certain learning modes based on Howard Gardner's seven types of intelligence: linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, and internal and external personal intelligence. Describes one picture book for each category. (Author/LRW)

Tested the hypothesis that intelligence is related to the risk of mental illness by linking childhood mental ability data to registers of psychiatric contact in a stable population of 4,199 adults in Scotland. Findings show intelligence to be an independent predictor of psychiatric contact, with each standard deviation decrease in IQ resulting in…

Related inspection time (IT) to intelligence using a measure that has nonconfounded factors of mental ability to determine whether the association is based on fluid IQ or perceptual processes. Results for 37 undergraduates suggest that IT is related only to fluid intelligence, supporting the notion that IT reflects some fundamental underlying…

Intelligence Quotient scores are only predictors of performance, not precise measures of intelligence. They are most useful in conjunction with other assessments of potential such as achievement tests and daily performance. An explanation of how scores are derived and a brief history of IQ testing are included. (IAH)

Using a simple neural model comprising between two and four neurons, it is concluded that speed of neuron conduction is not the probable basis of the intelligence quotient (IQ)-reaction time (RT) correlation. This result illustrates that neural modeling can be applied to biological theories of individual differences in intelligence. (SLD)

The triarchic theory posits that intelligence has analytical, creative, and practical aspects. Instructional and assessment methods should encourage and evaluate all three kinds of abilities, a balanced approach that can reach all students. (SK)

Raw IQ scores do not demonstrate the bell curve created by normalized scores, even the bell-shaped distribution does not require large numbers of underlying genes. Family data support a major gene locus of IQ. The correlation between glutathione peroxidase and IQ should be investigated through molecular genetics. (SLD)

The impact of general control processing and working memory capacity on a measure of abstract intelligence was examined with 577 military recruits. A new multicomponent latent trait model for covert response was applied to item response data for matrix problems. General control processing has a stronger impact. (SLD)

This study, with 496 children seeking admission to a special program for gifted preschoolers, found that creativity (as measured by the Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement Scale) was significantly related to intelligence (as measured by standard IQ tests) when IQs were less than 120 but was not related at higher IQ levels. (DB)

Reviews and discusses claims for, and objections to, the literal intelligence of computers and of documents. Topics discussed include contrasts between spoken language and written language; the Turing test, including linguistic responses to questions; the presence or absence of intentionality; and Plato's "Phaedrus" and its concern with…