Mentally retarded individuals have more difficulty dealing with strategic games and puzzles than other tasks. Games have been played since ancient times and throughout the world, with performance indicating wisdom. Games invariably express certain universal intellectual traits. Mancala and Three in a Row games are briefly described. (Author/RD)

Programmed textbooks were used to condition verbal repetoires relevant to motivation, test anxiety, and test wiseness in 118 sixth grade students. There was a significant effect on raw scores on an IQ post test. Students of lower intelligence made greater raw score gains than students with a higher IQ. (Author/GDC)

Data from the Japanese standardization of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale for Intelligence were used to analyze the structure of abilities of Japanese children in terms of the Burt-Vernon hierarchical model of intelligence. It was suggested that the pattern of cognitive strengths and weaknesses that emerged would help clarify a number of…

Compared four groups of men from a Danish birth cohort: those at high risk for serious criminal involvement (with severely criminal fathers) who avoided and who evidenced serious criminal behavior, and those at low risk (with noncriminal fathers) who evidenced or did not evidence criminal behavior. Found the mean intelligence quotient score of the…

The multiple intelligence theory is based on cultural contexts, biological analysis, developmental theories, and a vertical theory of faculties. Seven intelligences are identified: linguistic, logical mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. The theory's educational implications are described,…

Borkowski and Krause (1983) concluded that the locus of black-white intelligence differences lies in metaprocesses not elementary cognitive processes. However, some variables were difference scores with unacceptably low reliability. Magnitude comparisons of racial differences give a different picture of results; comparable differences in measures…

Disparities between European countries and the U.S. in terms of incidence and prevalence of mild mental retardation have become apparent. A model of intellectual performance that might explain disparities and predict future levels of occurrence of mild mental retardation is presented. Such explanations are relevant for theory and policy decisions.…

The purpose of the present study was to assess the use of multiple intelligence assessment instruments as predictor measurements of achievement. The sample included 51 male and female students enrolled in two sections of an introductory psychology course. They were asked to complete the Multiple Intelligences Challenge (MIC) and the Self…

Ramey and Haskins report two findings of major importance: absence of decline in test scores and absence of mother-child correlation for treated children. Implications of these findings are discussed. (Author)

Results from the Colorado Adoption Project, a longitudinal study initiated in 1975, are reported. The cognitive ability of parents and measures of one-year olds' mental development were significantly correlated for all three parent/child comparisons. Caldwell's HOME Responsibility measure was correlated with infant intelligence in adoptive and…

Outlines the work of psychologist Howard Gardner, who isolated and identified seven basic, autonomous intelligences. Discusses the ideas presented at a 1989 South Carolina conference that probed the implications of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences for the arts and for education. Contends that the theory of multiple intelligences…

The predictive power of the short-form Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale of P. Satz and S. Mogel to provide equivalent information about IQ scores and age-corrected scale scores was not differentially affected by the side of the lesion for 63 patients with brain tumors. (SLD)

This study of 501 children and adults found that subjects with mental retardation or borderline intelligence were less proficient at identifying facial expressions of emotion than were children of average intelligence. Among individuals with mental retardation or borderline intelligence, recognition increased with intelligence quotient. Among…

Examined effects of different environmental measures on individual intellectual growth patterns. Growth curve analyses revealed that HOME scores exerted a constant influence on the expected composite, verbal, and nonverbal intellectual skills at each age. Only SES influenced the rate of growth, specifically nonverbal intellectual skills. (Author)

Inspection time (IT) and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) scores from 75 school children aged 6-13 years in 2001 were compared with the performances of 70 children aged 6-13 years who had attended the same primary school in 1981 ["J. Exp. Child Psychol." 40 (1985) 1.]. ITs for the 2001 sample were measured with the same four-field…