The Choctaw Self-Determination Project's philosophy was based on the relationship between reservation development and American Indian self-government. During the first year, the bulk of resources and staff time were directed toward the development and implementation of a more effective Choctaw tribal government system and the acquisition of…

Noting that the concepts of sex and race are interwoven into the fabric of American culture to such a degree that it is virtually impossible to separate them; this paper presents three major hypotheses felt to characterize American culture racially as well as sexually. For each hypothesis, specific examples are cited delineating the hypothesized…

The study presented here was designed to further the understanding of black student performance in biracial, academic settings. The purpose of the research was to assess the association between black students' perceptions of prejudice among white instructors and grade deflection (discrepancy between grade expected and grade received) in the…

Triple T, a graduate project to educate (train) teacher trainers, allows participants to view the schools as a total system and gives educators a means of training people to change that system. It offers an opportunity to develop an alternative means for graduate education. An important element in this program is parity. While parity is more a…

Approximately 400 low-income black sixth-grade children underwent a two-step training process to help understand fate-control. After a week of intensive achievement-motivation training, nine experimental teachers and a research team cooperatively designed a program to develop in their students the realization that their behavior in relation to…

To advance towards a science of human behavior there must be well-defined constructs. This aspect of theory building tends to be neglected in the research conducted and services provided with respect to Afro-American and other people of color. Consequently, there has been so little relevant social science. In recent times large numbers of…

The purpose of this book is to help make what is known about self concept an important part of what goes on in schools. "Self theory" is neither an established fact nor an all-inclusive theory of human existence. Some students who esteen themselves highly do not achieve highly in school, and some researchers have thus not found an inevitable…

A model based on the theory that classroom interaction and the political content of class discussion are the means to achieving a sense of political efficancy is tested on Canadian elementary students. Classroom participation, classroom politicization, sense of school efficacy, political knowledge, various personal characteristics, as well as…

Oppositional feminist ethnography does have something to offer those in adult education. Because adult educators adhere to a mission of social justice, concern over issues of power, knowledge construction, positionality, identity, and voice have become more prevalent. Although discourses dealing with equity are increasing, those in the field still…

Oriental Jewish youth in Israel and poor Black American youth must both compete for educational credentials in social situations in which power relationships are heavily weighted against their interests. Their divergent behavioral responses are related to the different world views and corresponding strategies for social advances of the two groups.…

The well-being of adolescents relates to choices made during discretionary time. Participation in organized recreation provides for constructive use of free time and development of skills for managing discretionary time. This article reviews literature on adolescents' basic developmental needs and discusses social contexts of adolescence, making…

Summarizes and comments on a series of interviews with Chinese students in the United States regarding conflicts with landlords, professors, and merchants. Discusses the dichotomy between their desire to assert themselves and their feelings of apprehension dealing with unfamiliar relationships and power structures. Considers this experience in…

Argues against teaching approaches that put moral pressure on students. Students should not be expected to make environmental behavioral changes beyond their power. Children often do not have the free will to respond to moral promptings. Suggests cross-curricular alliances of economics, environmental education, and citizenship education that place…

Considers recent investigations of conditions that promote forward-thinking in young people and their realization of personal goals. Discusses environmental affordance, environmental press, mediational strategies, consequence management, and resources for coping. Suggests ways educators may help individuals develop potentials for foresight and…

Summarizes research concerning the long-range effects of teachers' controlling strategies and children's motivational orientations on achievement-related behaviors. Evidence suggests that children with an extrinsic motivation toward schoolwork suffer from important deficits that are influenced by teaching strategy. Research findings are discussed…