Examines the hypothesis that a poor educational system produces an increase in criminal behavior by reviewing and evaluating research evidence related to relationships such as intelligence and school achievement, school achievement and criminal behavior, and by relating research to data from the Georgia Department of Corrections. (Author/JOW)

This response to Stanovich (EC 607 092) considers the relationship between rationality and intelligence. It sees rationality as a relatively minor part of intelligence and proposes the concept of practical intelligence (or the lack thereof) as an alternative to Stanovich's concept of dysrationalia. (DB)

This paper responds to reactions to the proposal of a new learning disability, dysrationalia, by suggesting that alternative ideas of "practical intelligence" are equally inexact, that rationality must be defined broadly, and that epistemological relativism can be carried too far. (DB)

Provides a critical analysis of K. E. Stanovich's argument for the use of the concept of dysrationalia in educational research. It argues that the concept of dysrationalia must be better conceptualized and elaborated, encompass a theory, be operationalized, have convergent and discriminant validation, and have safeguards against misuse. (GLR)

Vertex event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from undergraduates performing an inspection time task together with measures of inspection time (n=35) and mental ability (n=28). Techniques that reveal changes over time in the relationship between ERP measures and psychometric indices were presented. (SLD)

In a study involving 38 adult females, nerve conduction velocity (NCV) did not correlate with intelligence or reaction time. A reanalysis of the Vernon and Mori data showed a possible sex difference in relation to NCV and intelligence, with the correlation between these variables much smaller in females than males. (SLD)

The mental representations and processes used in verbal comprehension were studied in 2 preliminary studies and 2 experiments involving a total of 158 college students solving synonym or sentence completion tasks. Response choices and latencies could be predicted with explicit information-processing models. Implications for theories of…

Administered Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children to 40 referred children. Correlation coefficients computed between two tests were strong, suggesting consistency in underlying global construct being measured; however, no compelling evidence supporting theoretical structure of two scales was…

A study of eight normal right-handed men demonstrates widespread significant decreases in brain glucose metabolic rate (GMR) following learning a complex computer task, a computer game. Correlations between magnitude of GMR change and intelligence scores are also demonstrated. (SLD)

Discusses knowledge engineering, its relationship to artificial intelligence, and possible applications to developing expert systems, job aids, and technical training. The educational background of knowledge engineers is considered; the role of subject matter experts is described; and examples of flow charts, lists, and pictorial representations…

Sex differences in variability of performance on cognitive tests were previously examined by calculating the ratios of males' variances to females' variances. Reasons why variance ratios were summarized by medians are discussed. (SLD)

This study found correlations (.45 to .59) between scores on a battery of auditory discrimination tasks and measures of intelligence and academic aptitude in two samples of college students. An implication is that intelligence is a potential confounding variable in studies of the auditory perceptual abilities of various clinical populations.…

This study found that 10 adolescents with mental retardation processed stimuli varying with respect to symmetry in comparable manner to peers matched for mental age and chronological age. Results argue for the robustness of the symmetry effect across groups differing in intelligence and physically dissimilar stimulus types (checkerboard versus…

Obtained Wherry hierarchical factor solution on Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised subtests intercorrelations for 108 alcoholic adults. Found ability arrangement consistent with Vernon's structure-of-intellect model. Ability hierarchy consisted of strong general intelligence factor defined by all 11 subtests, which accounted for 49% of…

Research on the determinants of intelligence and factors that relate to variability in intellect are discussed. It is argued that studies in this area usually focus on individual determinants and rarely reflect the true nature of the processes through which variability in determinants relates to variability in intellectual development. (SLD)