A study designed to replicate work by Kirby and Das (1977) studying differences between learning disabled (102) and normal children (99) essentially supported the earlier research in terms of factor structure and relationship of simultaneous and successive processing to reading and IQ. In both groups, structures and relationships were similar.…

Frequently cited sex differences in general psychology texts are noted, with such "differences" specified even when scientific evidence did not exist. Research on brain lateralization and sex difference is reviewed. (MP)

Subjected the standardization data for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) and the original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) to principal-factor analysis. A two-factor solution was adopted for each scale. The stability of the two factors, Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Organization, was high both within and between…

The University of Rochester Child and Family Study is a longitudinal prospective study of 145 families in which one or both parents has been hospitalized for a major psychiatric disorder. A variety of assessments are made of the parents, the index child (who is male and age four, seven, or ten), and the family as a whole. (Author)

Effectiveness of cognitive training on older adults performance on the fluid ability of figural relations was examined. A pattern of differential transfer was found with greater training effects to near fluid transfer measures. Findings suggest continued modifiability of intellectual performance through cognitive intervention across the adult life…

The purpose of this article is to review the essential features of the Perkins-Binet Tests of Intelligence for the Blind, and to discuss problems and limitations in the test kit and manual. Recommendations are also made for smoother administration of both forms of the test. (Author/BW)

The results of studies regarding intelligence in infancy are reviewed, and are compatible with Sternberg's findings on intelligence in adulthood. It is suggested that a major aspect of intelligence--attitude toward and performance with novel kinds of concepts--is continuous in nature throughout the life span, but requires different measurement…

This paper describes the mechanism of conceptual development by characterizing it as a cartooning process, which is a neurological mechanism which records a perceptual kind of sketch of the world in our brains. Its unique character, its biological basis, and its consequences for education are discussed. (Author/KC)

Administered the WISC and WISC-R to 20 White children and compared their differences in a counterbalanced design to equivalent data obtained from Black children. For the White subjects, no differences were found between WISC and WISC-R measures. Black children scored significantly lower on the WISC-R on all three IQ measures. (Author)

The results indicated that the SIT IQ predicts statistically distinct reading scores depending upon the sex of the child being evaluated. It is suggested that the bias will need to be considered in making psychological referrals about children. Derived regression equations for both boys and girls are provided. (Author)

Dewey's notion of "reflective thinking" is discussed. A model of phases of reflective thinking is described: problem recognition, enumeration of possibilities, reasoning, revision, and evaluation. Each phase has at least one parameter governing its operation and one rule for setting the optimum parameter value. Sources of individual…

Adapted the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test to facilitate administration to low-functioning autistic children who do not have a pointing response. Autistic (N=10) and preschool-aged children (N=20) were given the standard form and the adapted form. Results supported the use of the published norms for the adapted version. (Author/RC)

Analyses of 109 drug-abusing adolescents indicated that inhalant abusers performed significantly more poorly than polydrug abusers on 20 of 67 neuropsychological measures. Deficits were observed on both global (WAIS and WRAT) and specific measures (perception of speech sounds, visual suppression, sensory perception, and trails). (Author/SJL)

Examined effects of types of reinforcement on performance of Black males on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. After correct responses, participants were given no reinforcement, candy rewards, traditional social reinforcement, or culturally relevant social reinforcement. Children given candy or culturally relevant social…

Research, some of which used the Wechsler Intelligence scales, is reviewed to study generalizations made about reading-disabled children. There are definite subgroups of disabled readers, having different types of problems. Disabled readers should not be treated as a single heterogenous group. (JN)