THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO MINIMIZE THE VARIABILITY IN LEGAL AND EDUCATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE MENTALLY RETARDED. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WAS MADE OF THE SEMANTIC VARIATIONS IN THE DEFINITION OF THE MENTALLY RETARDED IN TERMS OF FUNCTIONAL ADEQUACY FOR EDUCATION, TRAINING, OR CUSTODIAL CARE. THE METHOD INVOLVED THE REVIEW OF STATUTES AND…

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT CHILDREN WERE STUDIED LONGITUDINALLY TO DETERMINE WHETHER--(1) THE RELATIVE INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT OF PREMATURE CHILDREN IS STATIC OR CHANGES WITH TIME, (2) A LOW BIRTH WEIGHT CHILD NOT NOTED TO BE IN NEUROLOGICAL DISTRESS COULD HAVE A POOR PROGNOSIS, AND (3) SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS COULD ARISE AS A CONSEQUENCE…

THIS IS THE REPORT OF A PILOT INVESTIGATION DESIGNED (1) TO STUDY THE ABILITY OF CHILDREN IN REGULAR CLASSROOM SETTINGS TO ORGANIZE INFORMATION THEY POSSESS IN WAYS SUGGESTED BY TWO DIMENSIONS OF THE GUILFORD STRUCTURE OF INTELLECT MODEL, AND (2) TO EVALUATE THE FEASIBILITY AND DESIRABILITY OF MAKING PARTICIPATION IN THE STUDY, IN DATA COLLECTION…

THE COMPARATIVE VALIDITY OF THE LEE-CLARK READING READINESS TEST AND THE CALIFORNIA TEST OF MENTAL MATURITY (CTMM) FOR PREDICTING GRADE 1 READING SUCCESS WAS STUDIED. ALL ENTERING FIRST-GRADE PUPILS IN TWO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN A LOW-MIDDLE-CLASS COMMUNITY WERE ADMINISTERED BOTH TESTS DURING THE FIRST 3 WEEKS OF SCHOOL. PERFORMANCES ON THESE TESTS…

The study compared the behavior of 61 preschool autistic children with that of 35 retarded children matched for mental age and 30 normal children matched for chronological age. Ss were rated on a 67 item Behavior Observation Scale during three free play sessions. Among findings were that six behaviors (grimace/gesticulation, echolalic speech,…

In a prospective longitudinal study, 1244 children who had received three neurological examinations in their first year of life were administered measures of cognitive development and academic achievement through age 12. Twenty-two Ss identified as neurologically suspect or abnormal on more than one of the infant examinations consistently…

The Soviet position on vocabulary and the relationships among intelligence, language, and culture holds that thoughts and words have different developmental roots and that there are more differences than likenesses between them. In this United States study, 105 students grouped by their having parents in three different employment categories were…

This paper begins with a description of four generations of research in machine translation: the original efforts of 1957 to 1965 and three types of surviving and sometimes competing present projects. The three types of present projects include those relying on "brute force" methods involving larger and faster computers; those based on a…

An expectation based system, NGP, for parsing English noun groups into the Conceptual Dependency representation is described. The system is a part of English Language Interpreter (ELI) which is used as the front end to several natural language understanding systems and is capable of handling a wide range of sentences of considerable complexity.…

A procedure for using Guilford's structure of the intellect as the theoretical basis for a task analysis model is presented. It is reasoned that such a model would furnish a bridge between task analysis and test selection, and also a bridge between test selection and test validation. Such a mechanism might answer some fo the EEOC criticisms of…

Direct observations of the jobs of 370 workers were used to explain perceptions of monotony and feelings of boredom associated with work. Of the several observational measures of task characteristics that were constructed, the most efficient predictor of monotony and boredom was the number of times during a fixed period that the most…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in comprehension among elementary school children who listened to a narrative passage presented at different rates of expansion or compression. Subjects were drawn from three populations with respect to intelligence. The three levels of intelligence were low (IQs ranging from 74 to 98), average…

This study investigated social intelligence in relation to individuals coping with other persons. In terms of structure of intellect theory, the first of these two areas includes six behavioral cognition abilities, one for each kind of product or mental construct of information. The second includes six behavioral divergent production abilities,…

This book is the second in a series of monographs documenting the Youth in Transition project. The present volume deals with family background factors and abilities as they relate to a variety of personality characteristics, behaviors, and plans for the future. The population is derived from the initial sample of 2,200 tenth grade boys. The…

The relationship between two personality characteristics, creativity and risk-taking, was investigated in fifth grade students, ages 9-11 years (N equals 291). Creativity was explored by examing the factors of ideational fluency, spontaneous flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Risk-taking, studied in a classroom testing situation, was…