Examined effects of motivation and intellectual ability on adolescent reasoning. Fifty adolescents were presented "scientific" evidence relevant to their religious affiliations. A manipulation designed to motivate adolescents toward greater accuracy improved overall performance. Crystallized intellectual ability was linked to absolute level of…

This study compared the Problem Solving Assessment (PSA) procedure, an application based on Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, with more traditional criteria for the identification of minority students for gifted education programs. Although positive correlations among approaches and intelligences were observed, different groups of…

Discusses the links between emotional development and pretend play in young children using basic foundations of psychoanalytic and learning theories. Explains emotional development and pretend play through interactive levels of expression, control and modeling of emotion, and emotional intelligence. (JPB)

Examines relationships among prenatal characteristics of 121 adolescent mothers -- including cognitive readiness for parenting, intelligence, social support, and personal adjustment -- and intellectual-linguistic development, social-emotional functioning, and adaptive behavior of their children at three years of age. Only 28% of the children…

Virtual twins are unrelated siblings of the same age who are reared together from early infancy (UST-SA). Study uses a sample of 90 UST-SA pairs to comparatively assess the similarity of IQ subtest profile correlations for UST-SAs and twin pairs. Findings support explanatory models of intelligence that include genetic factors, demonstrating that…

Provides a general review and discussion of studies relating to hemispheric asymmetry in normal and reading disabled populations and possible implications with regard to the meaningfulness of IQ test results. Emphasizes research suggesting that the verbal factors of the WISC-III are related to the length of the left temporal bank of the planum…

Reviews the articles in this issue of "School Psychology Quarterly" and briefly compares their methods for identifying profile patterns. Argues that subtest profile patterns on the existing generation of intelligence tests have modest reliability and weak relationships with achievement and diagnostic categorizations. (Contains 13…

Concurrent validity of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III) was evaluated. Both measures were administered to 65 children (ages 6-7). Results suggest caution against using the K-BIT exclusively for placement and diagnostic purposes with young children with reading…

Discusses Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences that addresses how students assimilate information and suggests the use of electronic portfolios to allow a broader array of learning styles and increase the effectiveness of activities by addressing more Multiple Intelligences. Explains the use of hypertext and multimedia on a CD-ROM.…

Comparison for memory for spatial location of 30 persons with and 30 persons without mental retardation found the control group recalled more intentionally learned than incidentally learned locations. The experimental group performed better after incidental learning than after intentional learning and scored as highly as controls on incidental…

This study, with 17 young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 62 without ADHD, found no significant correlations between full scale IQ and scores on the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA). However, analysis of variance revealed that subjects with ADHD made more errors of omission on the TOVA than did controls.…

Reviews implications of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences for higher education: responding to increased access, the necessity of meeting the needs of diverse users, and the accountability movement. (EV)

Using an independent college sample, examines the characteristics of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability-Revised. Differences exists in subtest performance based on the order in which the Standard and Supplemental Batteries were administered. Gender differences exist on the Visual Matching, Picture Vocabulary and Cross Out subtests.…

Evaluates, with respect to the quality of evidence offered in support of knowledge claims, the relationship between culture and test session behavior (TSB) on group and individual tests of intelligence and/or achievement. Identifies four relevant categories in the literature. Reviews key literature from the TSB experimental research and research…

A study compared the performance of 15 children (ages 5-12) with visual impairments and 15 controls on the Comprehension and Similarities items of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. Results indicated the children with visual impairments were disadvantaged by comprehension-type items with high visual content. (CR)