The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the variables of intelligence, creativity, and a language component in preschool disadvantaged Negro children. Major hypotheses were: (1) that the specific components of each variable had higher correlations within each variable than between variables; and (2) that each major loaded on a…

A study of the effects of inadequate nutrition upon disadvantaged children involved 113 Head Start children and their families. Information was collected on home diet, socioeconomic data, performance on intelligence tests, hemoglobin levels, class attendance, height, and weight to find out whether or not there was a relationship between nutrition…

In a study to learn whether or not poor nutrition, as indicated by low hemoglobin levels, affects intelligence and behavior, 113 Head Start children in Missoula, Montana took part. Group testing with the Lorge Thorndike Intelligence Test and individual testing with the Wechsler and Primary Scale of Intelligence or Wechsler Intelligence Scale for…

Although universally acknowledged to be important, the relation between language and cognition is far from clear. While this paper also "sidesteps" this relation, it presumes that less elaborate language is linked to less differentiated cognitive activity. The study described here was aimed at collecting data on language usage for children (and…

The relationship betwee n a composite of student entry characteristics--unit pretest score, number of skills to be mastered in the unit, the student's intelligence quotient and age, units previously mastered--and the amount of time required to complete one of four units of D or E level mathematics was investigated. Beta weights for the regression…

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence and to measure whether this reliability is affected when subjects are from a disadvantaged group. The subjects were 25 male and 24 female 5 1/2-year-old poor Mexican-Americans. Generally, the Wechsler Preschool Scale showed high…

This study reports an attempt to improve the administration of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) by identifying and modifying aspects of the test which adversely affect disadvantaged preschoolers' performance. The resultant test was called the Modified Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (M-PPVT). Two samples from the same lower class…

Conditional logic, as interpreted in this paper, means deductive logic characterized by "if-then" statements. This study sought to investigate the knowledge of conditional logic possessed by primary children and to test their readiness to learn such concepts. Ninety students were designated the experimental group and participated in a…

Twenty institutionalized adult retardates (10 men, 10 women) were administered paired-associate bigrams (letter-letter, letter-number, number-letter) in an A-B, B-C, A-C paradigm. One-half of the items were designed to enhance positive transfer and one-half negative transfer, and each subject learned both in scrambled (nonsystematized bias)…

The effects of modifications in intelligence test procedures upon the scores obtained by 232 normal, 102 mentally retarded, 106 cerebral palsied and 35 orthopedically handicapped children were investigated. Stanford-Binet tests in year-levels II through V were modified to require only a pointing or yes/no response. The modified form appeared to be…

Whether IQ is or is not related to reading depends on such variables as the difficulty of the task, the time allowed for learning, the quality of instruction, and the nature of the tests used for assessing intelligence and reading. The relationship between intelligence--as assessed by an individual measuring instrument, such as the…

A review of the research reveals that standardized intelligence and achievement testing presents linguistic, cultural, and psychological difficulties for Spanish-speaking children in terms of such internal or intervening variables as the language of the administration of the test, the extent of the verbal factor in it, and the ethnic background of…

An experiment to assess the value of a shadowgraph simulator for driver training is described. Two groups of 36 pupils with no previous driving experience, and matched for age and sex, were taught to drive up to the standard of the DOE driving test. The pupils in one of the groups received their first three hours instruction on a shadowgraph…

This study attempted to determine if performance on Piagetian tasks can be predicted from Stanford-Binet mental age or IQ. Subjects were 143 children of bright, average, and retarded abilities as measured by performance on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test. Bright and average children were chronologically aged five to seven years; retarded…

Two principles and one verbal technique provide a sound basis for communicating to students and their parents the information obtained from testing: (1) parents have the right to know whatever the school knows about the abilities, performance and problems of their children; (2) the school has the obligation to see that it communicated…