Administered the Hooper Visual Organization Test (VOT) to 54 elementary students referred for psychometric evaluation. Results showed no significant relationship between sex and VOT scores, but age and IQ were significant correlates. (JAC)

Evaluated demographic and developmental differences in case studies of disturbed children (N=58) who were treated with developmental therapy. Results indicated children differed in age, intelligence, and mother's employment status. Although all children progressed in behavior, communication, socialization, and academics, no difference was found in…

Annotates reference material on artificial intelligence, mostly at an introductory level, with applications to education and learning. Topics include: (1) programing languages; (2) expert systems; (3) language instruction; (4) tutoring systems; and (5) problem solving and reasoning. (JM)

Addresses the consumer's need for more information by describing a framework for integrating test data when it applies to minority children and their families. The progression to nonbiased assessment includes legal decisions and guidelines, further training and education for professionals who test, and greater awareness of issues for all consumers…

Criticizes the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude 2 (DLTA-2): (1) scoring criteria for the Story Construction Test are questionable; (2) the Word Fragment Test may not be practically significant; (3) the Picture Book is inconvenient to use without an index or table of contents. One major strength is the provision for combining subtest scores. (SRT)

The predictive relationship between the WISC-R and the PIAT and WRAT scores of 125 Mexican-Americans and 125 non-minority students (K-8) was analyzed using four methods. Conventional methods were found to be insensitive to and inappropriate for the detection of predictive bias. An alternative means of detecting predictive bias is proposed.…

Describes a programming environment called Tinker, in which a beginning programmer presents examples to the machine, distinguishing accidental and essential aspects of the examples. Examples of programming in Tinker are presented in which programmers demonstrate how to handle specific examples and the machine formulates a procedure for handling…

Discussion of intelligent computer assisted learning (CAL) systems considers both those that offer natural language communication to the user and those that are adaptive, generative, or self-improving. Current interest in student-built learning environments (exemplified by work with LOGO and PROLOG) is examined, and obstacles to future intelligent…

This study evaluates the reality of self-fulfilling prophecies in the area of the physical attractiveness of high school students. Findings indicate that the less attractive students display higher American College Test and IQ test scores, consistent with a compensatory hypothesis rather than the self-fulfilling prophecy notion. (JB)

Using Raven Progressive Matrices Test items, this study developed an empirical measure of subjects' ability to create new problems. The relationship between this ability and problem solving skills was examined. A very low correlation was found between inventing and solving problems. Problem creation was more difficult than problem solving. (BS)

Argues that science, like any other human activity, is limited by the culture and the age to which it belongs. Examines the Iowa Child Welfare Research Station's conclusion that the IQs of young children were affected by specified environmental conditions in light of shifting perceptions of reality in the 1930s and 1940s. (Author/BE)

Young adults, middle-aged, and old persons (n=150) participated in a study of creativity and age. Results showed age differences in creativity to the disadvantage of the old. Reduced speed of information processing, lower level of complexity, and decreased willingness to risk original solutions by age are offered as explanations. (Author/AS)

Examines two primary roles played by natural language processing in storage and retrieval of information and outlines organization of natural language interface for data retrieval (question-answering system) and approaches being taken to text analysis. Research issues in computational linguistics and interactive knowledge acquisition are…

Data from an early intervention program for children at risk for developmental retardation were used to investigate two kinds of intellectual plasticity: developmental functions and individual differences. Possible convergences between the two realms of development are examined. (Author/RH)

Cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, and computer technology have advanced so much that it is feasible to build computer systems that are as effective as intelligent human tutors. Computer tutors have been developed for teaching students to do proofs in geometry and to write computer programs in the LISP language. (JN)