This review of recent studies on prevention of drug and alcohol abuse among adolescents analyzes components of various preventive programs including those emphasizing knowledge, attitude modification, and remediation of skill deficits to improve ability to resist peer pressures. Missing in most programs is direct manipulation of positive or…

Focuses on the professional role of the teacher in the classroom in relation to the students being taught and the subject matter being learned. Defines and gives examples of three dimensions of the professional act of teaching: conceptual knowledge, general knowledge, and interpersonal communication and social skills. (JHZ)

Reports one study on determinants of economic values in a population of 16- to 17-year-old British schoolchildren, and a second on economic preferences and knowledge in a larger group of slightly older adolescents. Found the pattern of results not dissimilar to those from related studies. Discusses the results in terms of the literature on…

Assessed university students' knowledge about homosexuality in relation to their degree of homonegativism, i.e., physical, social, and emotional distancing from homosexuals, and selected personal variables. Respondents who were better informed about homosexuality proved less homonegative, particularly those with homosexual friend or family member.…

Reports the results of a broad-scale survey of the sexual knowledge and development of Chinese middle school youth. Includes information on sources of sexual knowledge, age of onset for specific sexual acts, psychological characteristics, and the goals of the sex education curriculum in Chinese middle schools. (JDH)

Discusses types of knowledge that should define the academic librarian: (1) background in history and development of higher education; (2) appreciation for history of scholarship and learning; (3) understanding of how knowledge is obtained in various disciplines; (4) ability to evaluate research findings. Three reactions to essay are included.…

Survey results on knowledge and exposure to hearing loss for West Virginia classroom teachers (N=98), special educators (N=77), physicians (N=62), and rehabilitation counselors (N=66) revealed that only 58.4 percent had academic exposure. The average correct response rate was 73.8 percent for all four groups. (CB)

Investigation of the effects of special education classroom experience on 61 preservice elementary school teachers' knowledge of characteristics of learning disordered or emotionally disordered children and teaching and management techniques found that limited experiences and coursework did not increase the teachers' knowledge. (Author/CB)

Presents a historical overview of developments in ionospheric physics and examines relationships between federal funding and knowledge growth in this field. Summarizes the views of ionsphere researchers on funding, the role of funding program managers, and the nature of funding agencies. Reviews advancements related to entrepreneurs and resources…

Surveyed counselor educators from 157 institutions to assess knowledge and clinical practice in training group counselors. Presents survey data and a critical analysis of the Professional Standards for Training Group Counselors. Offers recommendations for training programs and for the Association for Specialists in Group Work. (MCF)

A study was conducted to determine the technical agriculture knowledge level attained by Vocational Agriculture II students on a criterion-referenced test developed from Louisiana's Vocational Agriculture II basic curriculum; and determine if students' scores on the test differed according to selected variables: Future Farmers of America…

A study of teacher attitudes toward and knowledge of computers polled 240 teachers enrolled in computer education classes at Arizona State University. Results revealed a positive correlation between attitude and knowledge level, with teachers indicating an appreciation for classroom computers and expressing interest in expanding their knowledge.…

Describes the effects of an alcohol education program for 155 ninth-grade students. Results indicated that the experimental group scored significantly more favorably on knowledge, refuting arguments, compliance and riding with drinking drivers. Scores of the experimental group continued to be significantly more favorable six months later. (JAC)

Investigated the role of television as a medium for communicating environmental information to the general public by determining the influence of a Cousteau documentary on viewer knowledge and attitudes and to assess changes in those characteristics over time. Survey form used is included in an appendix. (ML)

Propositions expressed by students during interviews prior to and after audiovisual instruction served as the basis for Concept Propositional Analysis (CPA) to assess cognitive structure. CPAs for two students are reported and aspects of Ausubelian principles are discussed. The method showed that new learning can be linked to previous…