As the human immunodeficiency virus spreads beyond homosexuals and intravenous drug users into the heterosexual community, there is heightened interest in the sexual behavior of sexually active young adults. There is little information on young adult black males, who may be at increased risk, since blacks in this country are contracting Acquired…

A study compared the professional knowledge competence of agricultural teachers with and without preservice teacher preparation in order to identify and describe selected characteristics of teachers of agricultural science in Peninsular Malaysia and to relate these characteristics to preservice teacher education. Data were collected through…

This paper focuses on the notion of human learners as being structure-determined. Alternate views of educational phenomena and educational research of G. Cziko (1989), D. Bohm and F. D. Peat (1987), H. Maturana and F. Varela (1980, 1987), and S. E. Pirie and T. Kieren (1989, 1990) are considered. A mathematical theory of chaos, random…

A study was conducted to establish the construct validity of measures designed to assess topical knowledge. Thirty-one ninth-grade students and 44 third/fourth-grade students were interviewed to ascertain their knowledge about 4 topics; 2 weeks later they responded to 3 tests of topical knowledge. Results were analyzed quantitatively and…

The study developed and implemented a questionnaire to examine misconceptions related to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among 57 college students enrolled in Psychology 101 courses at Essex Community College in Maryland. The questionnaire covered etiology and epidemiology of AIDS and the personal attitudes and experiences of the…

The potential influence of cognitive-behavioral theory on counselor preparation is an important aspect to consider in training counselors and therapists. To determine the effects of self-instruction and the knowledge of how to develop a clinical hypothesis on master's degree counselor trainees, two studies were conducted. In the first study, entry…

Paper presented at the Regional achievement in a nursing course in an integrated curriculum were studied. The theoretical framework was based on Kolb's model of experiential learning, which posited four phases: concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Kolb's Learning Style Inventory was…

Schema Theory, the use of the learner's background knowledge for the building of new knowledge, is applied to improving reading comprehension skills and teaching vocabulary words and concepts to learning disabled students. Semantic mapping is a vocbulary strategy which produces the interaction between prior knowledge in a graphic form. For…

This investigation of the impact of feedback upon scrambled discourse was intended to show the effects of idiosyncratic processing and to provide a more sensitive indicator of feedback usefulness. Learner schemata, text organization, and feedback strategies interact in processing discourse, although past research has favored limited models…

A major goal of science education is to turn novices (students) into experts (scientists or science literates) with a minimum amount of pain, effort, and time. However, transfer of biology knowledge from instructor to student usually results in a loss of the rich interconnections that an expert has. The papers in this set describe efforts to…

An assessment of the career education needs of exceptional and special needs students was completed by 57 directors of special education and 1,826 teachers in North Carolina, representing 57 of the 140 local education agencies in the state. The survey measured actual and needed career education emphasis within social adjustment training (SAT) and…

Little is known about very young children's conception of alcoholic beverages and their uses. A study was conducted to determine whether preschool children's ability to correctly access a cognitive network about alcoholic beverages can be related to differences in family exposure to alcohol. Preschoolers (N=57) between the ages of 2.5 and 6 years…

Rhetoricians since Plato's day have been concerned with how much knowledge speakers should possess in order to speak effectively as well as ethically. The expert, like anyone, can err, but the chance of factual error decreases when speakers have a thorough grasp of their subject matter. However, the expertise position can potentially become a…

There have been assumptions in the literature that sexuality education programs can increase adolescents' knowledge, help them clarify values, and improve decision making and communication skills; and that these changes, in turn, can reduce irresponsible sexual activity, unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, some sexual…

This paper describes the process of investigating a teacher's knowledge and pedagogical philosophy through using a biographical rendition of a teacher's knowledge grounded in a construction of present teaching practice, based on ethnographic data. A case study is presented demonstrating how a major component of one teacher's present knowledge of…