Financing enables school districts to operate new buses when funds for outright purchase are not available. This article examines reasons, sources, and pitfalls of school bus financing. (MLF)

Provides a brief synopsis of how geographic features molded transportation history in the United States. Special emphasis is put on the relationship between river transportation and the formation of towns. Included are examples which show how topographic maps illustrate why certain locations were chosen for settlements. (JDH)

In 1981 the transportation costs of an Ohio school district had increased 63 percent over a four-year period. A cost-cutting program was initiated that year, and by 1984 transportation cost increases had been cut to one percent. Includes a list of seven factors that contributed to the cost-cutting program. (MD)

Presented is a method utilizing partial derivatives for determining the energy saved per dollar by substituting bicycling for driving a car while not reducing jobs dependent upon the auto industry. (SL)

Notes that white flight is not universal: it depends upon the city as context. (Author)

The people and places of the Old West (Montana, Wyoming, Kansas, Colorado) are found within the pages of four books published between 1994 and 2000. A whole host of settlers, doctors, dentists, butchers, bakers, barbers, and boot makers traveled west during the 1800s to turn an open prairie into a promised land. Short sketches of groups of people…

Quantifies the impact of time spent riding a bus on 4th, 6th, 8th, and 11th grade students' achievement based on data from a 1970 Statewide survey of Oklahoma students. The null hypothesis was tested that busing has no effect on student achievement. Findings revealed that at an .01 level of significance, bus riding time reduces achievement for 4th…

The concepts of time-space convergence and human extensibility provide important insights relating the impacts of transportation and communications advances with the human organization of space. This paper explains these concepts and suggests how they may be used for structuring classroom projects. (Author)

Loss of student freedom is one of the dangers to the structure of U.S. education as posed by the policy of racial integration by busing.'' (Editor/SP)

David Armor presents further evidence in defense of his findings, against critics. (DM)

Rochester, New York was praised as they voluntarily moved toward systemwide school integration--but failed in the attempt. (DM)

The enforcement of a requirement of racial dispersion of school population in one region of the country is morally, politically, and legally an untenable position. Busing is a shorthand term symbolizing something else which must be faced. (DM)

If Congress and the President try to get school districts to fight the reality to which the courts have been reacting, then the courts will be able to say they are faced with a new reality which no longer calls for the old remedies. (DM)

The criticisms of busing cannot be answered by refusing the Federal support needed to make school desegregation successful, or by failing to support enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment. (DM)