Creating a positive school climate and developing a fair and consistently enforced discipline system are fundamental steps in making school campuses safe. Model programs and policies are presented to minimize student and staff victimization risks by helping evaluate where a school district stands in terms of effective school safety and school…

For the average school district, state funding is now higher than local funding, with unknown effects on per pupil spending. Previous studies in individual states do not agree on the direction and magnitude of the stimulative effect of state funding. This paper analyzes data from the 1989-90 United States Bureau of the Census report, "Public…

In 1992, 12 million families were maintained by women in the United States--a figure that more than doubled since 1970 when there were only 5.6 million such families. They accounted for 14.8 percent of all families in 1980 and 17.6 percent in 1992. Women maintained 3.5 million Black families in 1992; this represented nearly half of all Black…

This report presents a description of the status of academic libraries in 1994, a time of rapid technology-related change and increased introduction of electronic services. Two of the national education goals for the year 2000 emphasize the important roles played by resources and staff efforts of academic libraries. The report presents detailed…

Vermont state legislation provides additional funding to small schools--those enrolling fewer than 100 students. To meet legislative requirements, a study group examined costs, educational quality, and consolidation issues in Vermont's small schools. In 1996-97, Vermont had 50 small schools (16 percent of all public schools), primarily K-6…

This study analyzes survey data from 423 parents at 6 high schools in Maryland--2 rural, 2 urban, and 2 suburban. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the effects of the high schools' programs of partnership on parental attitudes and reports of involvement in their teens' learning both at home and at school. The findings show that…

Significant social, demographic, and economic changes have occurred in the North Central states since 1960. This document examines structural and policy variables related to distribution of income, during the years 1960-80 in the 397 counties defined as agriculture-dependent in 13 North Central states. Personal income distribution has been…

This report consists of tabulations by county for the entire 1987 and 1988 population receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and the entire population in the Work Experience and Job Training (WEJT) and Community Work Experience (CWEP) programs in Wisconsin. The tables include a complete history of all reported earnings data for…

Findings of a study that examined whether high school size significantly supplemented factors identified as contributing to educational achievement and ability are presented in this paper. In general, two divergent viewpoints concerning school size have been argued. One view holds that large schools are better than small schools because they offer…

This publication presents summary data on participants in programs operated under Title IIA or Title III of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) during the first 6 complete program years of their operation. Data are from the Job Training Quarterly Survey. The data describe socioeconomic characteristics of the terminees, some information on…

This study was designed to determine whether the scores obtained from the Kindergarten Diagnostic Instrument (KDI) Test given to children prior to their enrollment in kindergarten would allow educators to identify those children who would eventually qualify for a first grade reading intervention program. A total of 346 children were randomly…

Eleven tables present information about the non-public school enrollment and staffing in New York State in 1991-92. Tables present data for: (1) non-public school enrollment by level and affiliation; (2) trends in enrollment by affiliation from 1987-88 to 1991-92; (3) racial and ethnic distribution of enrollment by affiliation; (4) trends of…

Hierarchical Bayes procedures were compared for estimating item and ability parameters in item response theory. Simulated data sets from the two-parameter logistic model were analyzed using three different hierarchical Bayes procedures: (1) the joint Bayesian with known hyperparameters (JB1); (2) the joint Bayesian with information hyperpriors…

Farm and farm-related industries account for almost 18 percent of total U.S. employment in 1988. This share is based on a broad definition of the agricultural sector, including not only farm production but also industries that mine, manufacture, and sell farm inputs; process commodities; and sell consumer goods. Many jobs in industries that…

Over 20.7 million jobs, or 19 percent of total U.S. employment, were classified as farm and farm related in 1987, but many were only peripherally related to agriculture. Almost 71 percent of these jobs were in metropolitan areas. Gains in total agricultural employment were limited to farm-related industries, whereas farm production jobs continued…