This study investigated forms of adult social cognition in the domains of justice judgment and ethical evaluation and their relationship to IQ scores and personal and vocational interests. Subjects were 150 adult members of the MENSA organization: 69 females and 81 males ranging in age from 18 to 83 years. Each subject completed a battery of…

This study explored the relationship between children's sense of justice for a criminal offender and their cognitive level. Subjects were 60 children, 10 boys and 10 girls at each of the following developmental or cognitive levels: preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Each child was individually pretested for cognitive…

A coding system, derived from Dabrowski's levels of gifted individuals' emotional development, is based on categories that reflect feelings toward values, self, and others. Testing of the system's reliability indicated that it provides educators, parents, and counselors with a greater understanding of the developmental issues which confront gifted…

Reviews research and theory on the earliest development of moral behavior among infants and very young children. Lists a range of behaviors which are said to demonstrate the development of moral behavior. Includes illustrative anecdotes and a three-page bibliography. (JDH)

Studied perceptual processes in rating the good-lookingness of male compared to female faces, finding that more refined distinctions and discriminations, more extreme positive and negative ratings, and more concensus occur for female than for male faces. Facial expression (e.g., smiling) affected the rating of female more than of male faces.…

Practical and theoretical problems associated with incorporating values clarification as an element of health education are explored. Guidelines for teaching values clarification are offered. (DF)

Aesthetics in school facilities is related to student learning. Directly, the student experiences the order that is there; indirectly, the aesthetic features of a school building stand for the image of love for children and care for their education. Studies have found enhancement of student achievement in quality school buildings. (MLF)

This critique of Nisan's (1987) study of morality and convention addresses methodological considerations for cross-cultural research on children's moral and conventional concepts. (PCB)

Compared the reliability and validity of three methods of measuring students' ability to articulate their career values. Cochran's method and idiosyncratic and standardized methods developed in response to problems with the Cochran method. Test-retest reliabilities for the three methods were .33, .66, and .19, respectively. The findings suggest…

Addresses the problem of how academic value can be determined. Reviews several sample situations involving judgments of the merits of teachers, graduate assistants, and undergraduate writers. Proposes a system of "value-sorting," which requires that competing entities be measured in relationship to each other rather than against some abstract…

Addresses the criticisms of Diana Baumrind's review of his research on sex differences in moral reasoning development. Discusses issues such as the nature of moral development, the focus on adulthood, the choice of statistics, the effect of differing sample sizes and scoring systems, and the role of sexual experiences in explaining variability in…

Study 1 involved a standard interview of first- and third-graders, who consistently rated hypothetical conventional infractions as affectively neutral but tended to regard moral transgressions as affectively negative. Study 2 experimentally manipulated affect prior to a controlled recall task involving moral and conventional stories. (Author/KS)

Reviews Kohlberg's research on moral development and criticizes standard issue scoring, a measure of individual developmental stages of moral judgment. Discusses problems with the Moral Judgment Interview's content and scoring, suggesting longitudinal, comparative, and gender-related research needed to resolve problems of validity and reliability.…

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between moral judgment and personality or attitude toward authority; variation of attitude toward authority through adolescence; and bias of Kohlbergian moral development toward a liberal political philosophy. Results were discussed in terms of the political and psychological features of…

Preschool children reasoned and made judgments about stories that varied in dimensions previously found to be associated with judgments in two social-cognitive domains, moral and conventional, to examine types of information that produce differentiated judgments in young children. (Author/DST)