When the Differential Ability Scales--Second Edition (DAS-II) was developed, the instrument's content, structure, and theoretical orientation were amended. Despite these changes, the "Technical Handbook" did not report results from exploratory factor analytic investigations, and confirmatory factor analyses were implemented using…

Conversations about 'fixed' or innate ability in relation to schools and education have generally considered - though not exclusively so - the psychological and sociological basis of ability, the practicalities and policy formulations. In this article, the author considers the emergent politics of ability and the culture war on social media which…

Background: While delays in cognitive development are detectable during early development in Down syndrome, the neuropsychological and biomedical underpinnings of cognitive skill acquisition in this population remain poorly understood. Method: To explore this issue, 38 infants with Down syndrome [mean chronological age = 9.65 months; SD = 3.64]…

Netrin-1 was initially characterized as an axon guidance molecule that is essential for normal embryonic neural development; however, many types of neurons continue to express netrin-1 in the postnatal and adult mammalian brain. Netrin-1 and the netrin receptor DCC are both enriched at synapses. In the adult hippocampus, activity-dependent…

This qualitative, descriptive single case study focused on motivational curriculum and perceptions of learning ability in adults with intellectual disability (ID). A learning organization providing lifelong learning for adults with ID in the Northwestern region of the United States provided the geographic location for study. Adult students with ID…

The advantages of administering an adaptive test battery, a collection of multiple adaptive subtests that are specifically tailored to examinees' abilities, include shortening the subtest length and maintaining the accuracy of individual subtest scores. The test battery can incorporate a range of subjects, though this study focused primarily on…

This study explored the affect race had on gifted referrals at the 90th and 95th percentiles, based on the Cognitive Abilities Text 7 (CogAT 7). Achievement, Opportunity and Excellence Gaps are defined and put into historical context including systems of power and privilege. Giftedness is defined. The history of Gifted Education is explored…

Intellectual abilities are consistently found to be associated to child functioning. To date, however, it is unclear how varying intellectual profiles relate to differential aspects of child functioning. We screened 513 fifth-grade children on their intellectual abilities and selected three groups of gifted children, scoring in the top 10%:…

Young children are sensitive to both numerical and spatial magnitude cues early in development, but many questions remain about how children's attention to magnitudes relates to their early math achievement. In two studies, we tested three hypotheses related to the flexible attention to magnitudes (FAM) account, which suggests that young…

Several studies investigated preschoolers' ability to compute scalar and ad-hoc implicatures, but only one compared children's performance with both kinds of implicature with the same task, a picture selection task. In Experiment 1 (N = 58, age: 4;2-6;0), we first show that the truth value judgment task, traditionally employed to investigate…

Developing an understanding of fractions is critical as a significant predictor for the learning progression of advanced domains; however, students face significant challenges in learning fractions because of their unique properties. To systematically approach remediation, this study examined the common error patterns committed by middle-school…

Background: The role of gender in both spatial and mathematics performance has been extensively studied separately, with a male advantage often found in spatial tasks and mathematics from adolescence. Spatial reasoning is consistently linked to mathematics proficiency, yet despite this, little research has investigated the role of spatial…

Cognitive flexibility is one of the most important skills that school administrators should have in today's world of rapid change and transformation. This study aimed to explore whether emotional intelligence and self-leadership predicted cognitive flexibility. The study universe consisted of principals and deputy principals working in primary,…

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), including concussions, occur with relative frequency among youth (National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, 2016). TBI symptoms vary by severity but are generally categorized as emotional, cognitive, sleep, or physical difficulties. Common emotional symptoms reported by students include feelings of…

Most of the studies establishing factors affecting digital text and multimedia comprehension have been conducted in controlled conditions. The present study sought to test and extend the modality and seductive details effects, and the role of verbal ability and working memory capacity, to a remote, self-paced, E-learning scenario. Two hundred and…