Different aspects of human-machine interaction are discussed in the five brief papers that comprise this report. The first paper, "Some Observations on Mental Models," discusses the role of a person's mental model in the interaction with systems. The second paper, "A Psychologist Views Human Processing: Human Errors and Other…

This project attempted to replicate a 1981 study by Munro, Fehling, Blaise, and Towne, which found that instructional feedback for dynamic skill training is most effective when the student chooses when and if feedback is to be received. Using a simpler task, this study focused on an Air Intercept Controller Simulation program. The effectiveness of…

In developing understanding of social roles, preschool children proceed from an initial awareness of single behavioral categories to the ability to comprehend, first, simple relationships between categories, and second, complex systems of categories. At each developmental level, children show characteristic modes of distortion when faced with…

A meta-analysis of the literature findings on student evaluations of teaching are described. This research supports the validity of student ratings as measures of teaching effectiveness. Teachers whose students do well on achievement measures tend to receive higher instructional ratings than teachers whose students do poorly. Correlational effect…

This study was conducted to determine how the pattern of learning on an abstract concept, plate tectonics, differed between groups of different cognitive levels, sex, and intelligence quotient (IQ). The intensive time-series design was used to examine the achievement of eighth grade and ninth grade earth science students. The unique characteristic…

Alternate forms of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) were administered five separate times to 57 men and women of military service age. The objective was to determine to what extent means and cross-session correlations are stable over several administrations. Ten individual subtests, the derived ASVAB area composites and the…

Although school social workers (SSW's) are one of the few resources in the schools primarily designated to prevent and remediate personal and social problems that contribute to underachievement and deviant student behavior, many SSW's in Georgia are being replaced by noncertified attendance workers. Some educators claim that these attendance…

This bibliography lists 159 books and journal articles on the measurement and evaluation of in-person and telephone reference/information services in academic, public, and special libraries, especially law school depository libraries. Subjects covered in the bibliography include the quality of reference/information services in terms of…

This report presents the methodology and findings of a national survey of the performance of approximately 9,000 11-year-old children in science. Performance was assessed in six categories: (1) symbolic representation (reading information from graphs, tables, and charts); (2) use of apparatus and measuring instruments; (3) observation; (4)…

Graduates of the Mesa Public Schools Advanced Placement (A/P) program were surveyed to determine: (1) their attitudes toward their experience in the program; (2) college credits received for their A/P classes; and (3) their suggestions for A/P program improvement. A/P courses, offered within the regular curriculum, have grown significantly since…

The relationship of selected student background factors and performance on the American College Test (ACT) to performance on the Florida Teacher Certification Examination (FTCE) was examined. The FTCE is composed of four tests--mathematics, reading, professional practices, and writing--and is required for teacher certification in Florida. Records…

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of the cultural distance hypothesis in determining group differences on intelligence and performance scales in Black and White subjects. This view, the Cultural-Distance Approach, briefly stated is that a sub-culture's distance from the major culture, on which test questions of a test are based and…

Triggered by recent exposures of illiterate college athletes, the academic exploitation of athletes, and the manipulation of educational standards for athletes at all levels, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in January 1983 passed an academic requirements ruling for all Division I schools within the NCAA. "Proposition…

This paper presents an evaluation of Army job training development and testing practices, with a focus on Advanced Individual Testing. Information comes from intensive interviews with school instructors and from observations in the schools. Results indicate that some aspects of the Instructional Systems Development (ISD) model have been…

Literature on school effects is inconclusive regarding which characteristics of schools are important to study. The research reported in this paper, which explores the effects of schools on mathematics and science performance, alters prior models in two ways. First, the schools are examined in terms of the school context, that is, whether the…