Questionnaire responses of college students revealed that those pursuing modern language or linguistic degrees (N=63) were significantly more aware and knowledgeable of traditional grammar than were students pursuing other degrees (N=175), although many had studied a foreign language at the secondary school or college level. (CB)

Sentences evoked from three- to five-year-olds (N=16), analyzed for errors (particularly copying-without-deletion), showed errors when: the subject noun phrase (NP) contained a relative clause, the relative clause had an object gap, and the relative clause was long. (Author/CB)

To examine use of antecedent cues to complete a sequence of vocational tasks, five mildly to moderately mentally retarded students (aged 16-19) served as subjects. Written and pictorial prompts, introduced in a least intrusive manner, enabled the students to learn and maintain a sequenced time-based schedule that changed daily. (Author/JDD)

An accelerated B.S.-M.D. program called the Honors Program in Medicine (HPM) at the University of Miami is described. HPM and traditional program students were surveyed about accelerated medical education. Both HPM and traditional students were satisfied with their own preparation for medical school. (Author/MLW)

Suggests that reading educators need to change several pervasive attitudes in order to translate current reading research into more effective instruction. (JC)

Explores relationships among student performance prior to instruction, problems students are assigned and performance after instruction in fourth-grade mathematics. Results indicate that assigning challenging materials may lead to notable gains on test of fourth-grade mathematics. Discusses implication of results for possible modification of…

Conducted a field study using the Osipow and Spokane (1983) scales to test the relationship of coping resources as moderators to stress-strain relationships. Found role overload to be the most significant source of strain but that coping resources contributed to moderating this and other stress-strain relationships. (Author/KS)

Examined effects of therapist actions and techniques, and patient behaviors and attitudes, on psychotherapy outcome. Treated patients suffering from stress-response syndromes in brief, 12-session psychodynamic psychotherapy. All specific factors influenced treatment outcome, usually in interaction with patient pretreatment disturbance level, with…

The use of efficient organization of knowledge and of problem-solving strategies to enhance medical students' clinical problem-solving skills were assessed. Information for the experimental group emphasized disease groupings, symptom-disease associations, and clinical problem-solving heuristics. The experimental group acquired higher ratio of…

Reviews aspects of the educational environment that impact on apprehensive students; examines the influence of task structure on student performance; and suggests ways structure can be used effectively to enhance communication competence among students at various need levels, specifically those with high or low communication apprehension. (JD)

Construct validity was investigated for three tests of clinical competence in medicine: National Board of Medical Examiners examination (NBME), California Psychological Inventory (CPI), and Resident Evaluation Form (REF). Scores from 166 residents were analyzed. Results suggested low construct validity for CPI and REF scales, and moderate…

Describes a staff college designed to help Israeli managers deal with managerial and organizational problems and to increase their potential to learn on the job, improve current performance, and meet future challenges. Discusses characteristics of this approach, curriculum modules, role of the preceptor, and a comparison of this approach with the…

A teacher professional development program in Virginia identified 15 performance indicators of effective teaching. Teachers are given 5 years and 30 observations (during which only teacher strengths are documented) in which to demonstrate and assess their proficiency. Peer evaluations and monetary incentives are successfully utilized. (MLF)

A course in communication skills for medical students at the University of Massachusetts Medical School is described. Three issues are examined: the effectiveness of behavioral scientists and physicians as course instructors, the value of videotaped role-playing exercises, and the value of trained actors and medical students as simulated patients.…

Describes two experiments conducted with undergraduate students to determine effects of field dependence/independence on visual characteristics and presentation modes. The first studied content information recall from still projected visuals of different sizes and types of illustrations; the second studied visual-location task performance and…